cant memba Flashcards by Amber "Gifted" Trathen

Irregularly irregular HR, absent P waves

atrial fibrillation

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Saw tooth ECG

atrial dlutter

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Ejection systole murmur, radiates to carotids

aortic stenosis

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early diastolic murmur

aortic regurg

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pansystoli murmur, radiates to the axillar

mitral regurgitation

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mid diastolic murmur, opening click / snap

mitral stenosis

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machinery murmur (throughout diastole and systole)

patent ductus arteriosus

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radio-femoral delay (delay of feeling the pulse from the radial pulse and the femoral pulse)

coarctation of the aorta

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overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis and right ventricular hypertrophy

tetralogy of fallot

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smoker, central crushing pain, radiates to arms and jaw, sweating profusely

acute coronary thrombosis (MI)

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chest/ abdo pain, radiating to the back, history of HTN, pulsatile and expansile mass felt in the midline

aortic aneurysm / aortic dissection

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fever and NEW murmur

‘after a dental procedure’

infective endocarditis until proven otherwise

if after dental work = strep viridans

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severe, tearing pain from centre of chest that radiates back to between shoulder blades. Sometimes over a few days (MI is acute)

aortic dissection

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ADR = dry cough

ACEi (the ‘prils’) = use ATII antags

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ADR of yellow tinged vision

digoxin toxicity - lower the dose

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SOB, night sweats, haemoptysis, travel (india), immunocompromsised

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SOB, polyphonic wheeze, typically wake up at 4am breathless, worse when exerising or when its cold in the morning

asthma

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child/adolescent, SOB, cough, hyperinflation of the chest on X-ray, foul smelling stools

cystic fibrosis

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bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, afro-caribbean

sarcoidosis

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pregnant women/old person post surgery/ women on the pill / after flying - SOB and swollen calf

DVT causing PE

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weight loss, SOB, haemoptysis, smoker

lung cancer

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oat cell (histology)

small cell carcinoma of the lung

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weight loss, SOB, worked with asbestos

malignant mesothelioma

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elderly pt, SOB, cough, fever

pneumonia

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young tall male (basketball player usually in the q), sharp chest pain, sudden SOB, unilateral decreased chest expansion and breath sounds

spontaneous pneumothorax

stab wound, tracheal deviation

tension pneumothorax

old smoker, barrel chest, SOB and productive cough, use of accessory muscles

COPD (chronic bronchitis)

dyspnoea, cyanosis, finger clubbing, CXR lower zone nodules / honeycombing

fibrosing lung disease

child, monophonic inspiratory wheeze after being at a birthday party /eating a peanut etc

inhaled foreign body (likely R side)

bounding pulse

CO2 retention

pink frothy sputum

pulmonary oedema

FEV1/FVC less than 80

obstructive defect eg asthma / COPD

FEV1/FVC more than 80

restrictive defect ie fibrosis

pyrexia, cough, green sputum, high resp rate, CXR consolidation

pneumonia

stoney dullness of lung percussion, reduced air entry

pleural effusion

older woman, SOB, long flight, raised D dimer

pulmonary embolism

voice hoarseness, horners syndrome (sunken eye), ptosis (drooping eye), ahydrosis (no sweat)

pancoast's tumour

dyspneoa, fatigue, syncope

cor pulmonal

epigastric pain, radiating to back, better when leaning forward (usually have hx of excessive drinking)

pancreatitis

double swallow

pharyngeal pouch

bird beak oesophageal sphincter

achlasia

baby projectile vomiting, olive sized mass felt over epigastric area

pyloric stenosis

offensive smelling stools, buttock wasting

coeliacs disease

epigastric pain, worse when eating , been taking NSAIDs

gastric ulcer

epigastric pain, made better when eating

duodenal ulcer

abdo pain, started by umbilicus and moved to right iliac fossa

appendicitis

weight loss, blood in stool

adenocarcinoma of colon

teenage girl, part time model, complaining of diarrhoea, admits to self induced vomitting

laxative abuse

overweight, epigastric / chest pain that gets worse when bending over or when lying down (at night when get into bed)

G-O reflux disease

diarrhoea with mouth ulcers

crohns

diarrhoea after antibiotic treatment for a diff problem

Psuedomembranous colitis (clostridium difficile)

RUQ colicky pain, may or may not be worse after eating fatty foods

gall stones - cholecystitis

travellers diarrhoea

giardiasis

bloody diarrhoea and fever? | if it after this infection they develop haematuria and haemolytic anaemia ?

e coli gastroenteritis - haemolytic uraemic syndrome

kayser fleischer rings (brown in eye)

wilsons disease

alcoholic retching that haematemesis

mallory weiss tear

bronze skin

haemochromatosis

rice water stool

cholera

double bubble xray, downs syndrome, infant

duodenal atresia (Atresia is a condition in which an orifice or passage in the body is (usually abnormally) closed or absent.)

haemoptysis and haematuria

goodpastures syndrome

males, bleeding problems, factor VIII deficient

haemophilia A

plumber, flu like symptoms

legionella

pins and needles (peripheral neuropathy)

due to vit B6 def | isoniazid ADR

chest pain that is worse when doing particular movements

MSK / chostochondritis

women, lower abdo pain, missed a period

ectopic preg

tiredness, fatigue, menorrhagia (heavy periods)

iron deficiency anaemia

haematuria, weight loss, palpable lymph nodes, lives or has been travelling to egypt, or been swimming in fresh water lakes while on holiday in africa

schistosomiasis

palmer crease

downs syndrome

central chest pain, radiating to the back, better when leaning forward

pericarditis (basically same presentation as pancreatitis, except this is CHEST PAIN, not abdo)

redcurrent jelly stool, sausage shaped mass

intussusception

short stature, webbed neck, murmur at upper left sternal edge and radiating to the back

Turners syndrome with coarctation of the aorta

male tall stature, weak muscles, infertile

Kleinfelter's syndrome (XXY)

Butterfly rash

SLE

Heat intolerance / palpitations

hyperthyroidism

cold intolerance / weight gain

hypothyroidism

obesity / amenorrhea / hirsuitism and acne / infertility

PCOS | polycystic ovary syndrome

painless genital ulcer

syphilis

bag of worms in scrotum

varicocele

moon face / buffalo hump

cushings syndrome

honey coloured crust

impetigo

herberdans (DIP) or bouchards (PIP) nodes

swan neck or boutinniere deformity, pannus,

anatomical snuff box pain

scaphoid

bamboo spine on x ray

ankylosing spondylitis

crescent sign on hip xray

avascular necrosis of hip (perthes)

negative birefringent needle shaped crystals (parallel and yellow)

gout

positive birefringent rhomboid shaped crystals (perpendicular and blue)

pseudogout

sausage digits

reiter's ? psoratic arthritis

dry eyes, dry mouth, dysphagia, parotid enlargement

sjogrens syndrome

pseudofractures / looser zones

osteomalacia

amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles

alzheimers

pill rolling tremor (resting), bradykinesia, cog wheel rigidity

parkinsons

pain on one side of the head (brushing hair)

temporal arteritis (or giant cell arteritis) - steroids rx

any sympotms that resolve spontaneously then more come back worse / goes away and comes back worse

Multiple sclerosis

any sympotms that resolve spontaneously then more come back worse / goes away and comes back worse similar to above but lose vision

optic neuritis (MS causes demyelination of optic nerve)

elderly man, hat doesnt fit him anymore, deafness

pagets

trauma, feels fine then rapidly deteriorates

extradural haemorrhage

trauma / elderly / alcoholic / slow symptoms (or none)

subdural haemorrhage

thunder clap headache, berry aneurysm

subarachnoid haemorrage

fever, stiff neck, headache

meningitis

bladder / bowel dysfunction with leg weakness

lesion of spinal cord | cauda equine poss

scars burns on hands, cape loss of pain and temp sensation

syringomyelia

headache, worse on walking / standing up / coughing

raised intracranial pressure

intention tremor

cerebellar lesion

resting / pill rolling tremor

parkinsons

hemiballismus

subthalamic nucleus lesion (one sided jerks)

cant memba Flashcards

(106 cards)