CAOEXAM Flashcards by LUIS KEINE CERTEZA

Which of the following is NOT a language supported by ISCII?

Gujarati

Izmir

Devanagari

Malayalam

Izmir

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Which of the following is NOT a basic component of a computer at its most fundamental level?

Operating system

Data transfer mechanism

Operating system

Memory

Processor

Operating system

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How many possible codes does the 7-bit ASCII system have?

256

128

512

128

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What is the primary advantage of USB over older port types?

It’s faster than all other ports

It’s more secure than other port types

It’s self-configuring and supports “plug and play”

It can transmit power over longer distances

It’s self-configuring and supports “plug and play”

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In the binary number system, what do the digits 0 and 1 represent?

Positive and Negative

True and False

High and Low voltage

On and Off

True and False

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In the decimal number system, the value of a digit depends on:

Its numerical value only

The number of zeros after it

Its position in the number

The sum of all digits

Its position in the number

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Which of the following is NOT a typical measure of time in computing?

Picosecond

Millisecond

Nanosecond

Decasecond

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What does “PCI” stand for in computer terminology?

Peripheral Computer Integration

Peripheral Computer Interface

Peripheral Component Interface

Peripheral Communication Interface

Peripheral Component Interface

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Which number system is most commonly used in digital systems due to its ease of implementation?

Octal

Hexadecimal

Binary

Decimal

Binary

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Which sector primarily uses ISCII?

Educational institutions

International organizations

Private corporations

Government departments

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Which organization is responsible for establishing standards within the United States?

ISO

ANSI

BSI

IEEE

ANSI

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Number System Conversion
Convert the following. Show your complete solutions. (2 points each)

23ED₁₆ – Binary₂
279₁₆ – Decimal₁₀
1011₂ – Octals₈
2A7₁₆ – Decimal₁₀
43₁₀ – Binary₂
202₁₀ – Hexadecimal₁₆
43₁₀ – Octals₈
57 – Decimal₁₀
333₁₀ – Hexadecimal₁₆
10111010011₂ – Octals₈
11100111₂ – Hexadecimal₁₆
4BC₁₆ – Decimal₁₀
546₁₀ – Hexadecimal₁₆
1056₁₆ – Decimal₁₀
11672₈ – Decimal₁₀
1001001100₂ – Decimal₁₀
100110101₂ – Octals₈
CA12₁₆ – Binary₂
5217₈ – Decimal₁₀
1ACF₁₆ – Decimal₁₀

23ED₁₆ → Binary₂: 10001111101101
279₁₆ → Decimal₁₀: 633
1011₂ → Octals₈: 13
2A7₁₆ → Decimal₁₀: 679
43₁₀ → Binary₂: 101011
202₁₀ → Hexadecimal₁₆: CA
43₁₀ → Octals₈: 53
57 → Decimal₁₀: 57
333₁₀ → Hexadecimal₁₆: 14D
10111010011₂ → Octals₈: 1353
11100111₂ → Hexadecimal₁₆: E7
4BC₁₆ → Decimal₁₀: 1212
546₁₀ → Hexadecimal₁₆: 222
1056₁₆ → Decimal₁₀: 4182
11672₈ → Decimal₁₀: 5026
1001001100₂ → Decimal₁₀: 588
100110101₂ → Octals₈: 465
CA12₁₆ → Binary₂: 1100101000010010
5217₈ → Decimal₁₀: 2695
1ACF₁₆ → Decimal₁₀: 6863

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What is the main purpose of secondary storage in a computer system?

To display output to the user

To facilitate rapid data transfer between components

To process data quickly

To store data permanently.

To facilitate rapid data transfer between components

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Unicode aims to provide:

A replacement for binary code

A standard encoding only for English characters

A new number system for computers

A unique number for every character in every language

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Which of the following represents one billion bytes?

Gigabyte

Megabyte

Terabyte

Petabyte

Gigabyte

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The “traveling salesman” problem, used to demonstrate DNA computing, involves:

Finding the shortest route between cities, visiting each only once

Optimizing airline flight schedules

Determining the most efficient sales strategy

Calculating the fastest route for a delivery truck

Finding the shortest route between cities, visiting each only once

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Which of the following is NOT a typical component found in the memory unit of a computer?

Cache

ALU

ROM

RAM

ALU

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Moore’s Law originally stated that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit would double every:

18 months

1 year

2 years

4 years

18 months

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What does the Principle of Equivalence of Hardware and Software state?

Hardware and software are completely interchangeable

Hardware is always faster than software

Software can perform any task that hardware can

Software can always replace hardware

Software can perform any task that hardware can

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Which of the following is the largest unit of computer memory?

Gigabyte

Petabyte

Yottabyte

Terabyte

Yottabyte

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Which number system is most commonly used in everyday life?

Decimal

Binary

Hexadecimal

Octal

Decimal

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What is the term for the rightmost digit in a binary number?

Most Significant Bit (MSB)

Least Significant Bit (LSB)

Terminal Bit

Primary Bit

Least Significant Bit (LSB)

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How many bits are in one byte?

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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential basis for the next generation of computers?

Quantum computers

DNA computers

Holographic computers

Dataflow systems

Holographic computers

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What is the typical unit of measurement for processor speed? Microns Bytes per second Hertz Volts

Hertz

Which of the following is equivalent to 1 Gigabyte? 1024 Megabytes 1024 Kilobytes 1000 Megabytes 1000 Kilobytes

1024 Megabytes

Perform the addition operation indicated below. 10010 2 + 111 2

11001

______ send data as a series of pulses along one or two data lines.

serial port

Perform the division binary operation indicated below. 110 2 / 10010000 2

111000

Perform the subtraction operation indicated below. 110000 2 − 10100 2

11100

ISCII is a universal encoding standard used to support all languages worldwide. T/F

F Feedback General Feedback ISCII is specifically used for Indian languages, whereas Unicode is the universal standard.

Which organization establishes worldwide standards for computer hardware and software? ITU ISO IEEE ANSI

ISO

What does ROM stand for? Random Operating Memory Runtime Optimization Module Read-Only Memory Rapid Output Management

Read-Only Memory

How a checksum works between a sender and a receiver. Calculates the Checksum (Complete solution) original message: 11011010 10101100 01100101 10011001 11110000 00001111 10101010 01010101

100101111

Convert the following binary strings to even and odd parity? Even Odd 1101101 = 1001010 = 1110011 = 0000110 =

1101101 = Correct answer: 11011011 11011010 1001010 = Correct answer: 10010101 10010100 1110011 = Correct answer: 11100111 11100110 0000110 = 00001100 00001101

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using signed magnitude representation? Allows two representations for zero Complexity in operations Requires more storage Difficult to convert between bases

Allows two representations for zero

In binary, what is the decimal equivalent of the number 110012? 25 31 29 27

What is the minimum Hamming distance required to correct a single-bit error in a code word? 4 2 1 3

What is the radix complement of the binary numbering system? Two’s complement Signed magnitude One’s complement Decimal complement

Two’s complement

Which character encoding scheme can encode every language in the world? EBCDIC BCD ASCII Unicode

Unicode

Which logic gate outputs true only when both inputs are false? OR gate NAND gate AND gate NOR gate

NAND gate

Convert −5.75 to IEEE 754 Single Precision Final Representation: e.g 0 | 10011010 | 10101000000000000000000

1 | 10000001 | 01110000000000000000000

In floating-point representation, what does the exponent field determine? The total number of bits The range of values that can be represented The precision of the representation The sign of the number

The range of values that can be represented

How a checksum works between a sender and a receiver. Calculates the Checksum (Complete solution) Messages: 1. 11010101 2. 10111000 3. 01101100 4. 10010011 5. 11100001 6. 00011110 7. 10100101 8. 01011010 9. 00110011 10. 11111100

01111110

What does the high-order bit indicate in signed integer representation? The value of the number The byte size The sign of the number The magnitude of the number

The sign of the number

In a truth table, how many output combinations are there for a function with three inputs? 4 16 6 8

Which of the following Boolean operators has the highest precedence? AND NOT XOR OR

NOT

What happens to the output of a NOR gate when both inputs are high (1)? Depends on external conditions Undefined 0 1

In a half adder, which gate is used to calculate the sum? XOR gate AND gate NOT gate OR gate

XOR gate

Convert 12.25 to IEEE 754 Single Precision. Final Representation: e.g 0 | 10011010 | 10101000000000000000000

0 | 10000010 | 10001000000000000000000

In a full adder circuit, which operation is used to calculate the carry output? OR operation AND operation XOR operation NOT operation

AND operation

Which logic gate outputs true only when exactly one input is true? NAND AND XOR OR

XOR

What does a carry bit indicate in binary addition? The sum is negative. An overflow has occurred. The sum is even. No carry has occurred.

An overflow has occurred.

How many bits does the IEEE-754 single precision floating point standard use for the exponent? 8 bits 52 bits 23 bits 11 bits

8 bits

What is a characteristic of floating-point numbers in computers? They are always stored in hexadecimal format. They can only represent whole numbers. They can represent a wide range of real numbers. They use a fixed-size field for all components.

They can represent a wide range of real numbers.

What is the output of a 2-input NAND gate when both inputs are 1? 0 1 Depends on the circuit Undefine

Which circuit configuration allows for carry propagation through multiple stages? Parallel adder Full adder Half adder Ripple-carry adder

Ripple-carry adder

In Boolean algebra, what does the term "canonical form" refer to? The simplest possible form of an expression. Any arbitrary arrangement of variables and operators. An expression that contains no variables. A standard representation using sum-of-products or product-of-sums.

A standard representation using sum-of-products or product-of-sums.

Which logic gate is represented by the expression ? OR gate NOT gate XOR gate AND gate

AND gate

Which representation allows for two different representations for zero? Floating-point representation Two's complement One's complement Signed magnitude

Signed magnitude

In Boolean algebra, which identity states that A+AB=A? Idempotent Law Distributive Law Absorption Law Complement Law

Absorption Law

What is the primary function of a full adder? To store data To perform multiplication To add two bits and manage carry input To compare two binary numbers

To add two bits and manage carry input

In IEEE-754 single precision format, how many bits are allocated for the significand? 8 bits 64 bits 23 bits 52 bits

23 bits

Draw the following logic gate symbols: OR AND NOT NAND NOR XOR XNOR

Using two’s complement, compute -45 + 36 in binary (8-bit). 11100111 2 11110111 2 11010001 2 11010111 2

11100111 2

What is the primary reason computers employ two’s complement over signed magnitude representation? Improved floating-point precision Elimination of overflow errors Greater storage efficiency Simplified arithmetic operation

Simplified arithmetic operation

In assembly language, when an instruction requires two operands, what is typically the role of the first operand? It must be a memory location It contains immediate addressing only It is always the source data It is the destination location

It is the destination location

What type of non-von Neumann architecture was proposed by Leonard Adleman? Dataflow systems Quantum computing Parallel processing DNA computing

DNA computing

What happens during the decode step of the fetch-decode-execute cycle? Instructions are converted into a form the ALU can understand. Data is fetched from registers. Instructions are fetched from memory. Results are stored in memory.

Instructions are converted into a form the ALU can understand.

Which of the following registers is specifically used as the count register for iterative operations? BX Register CX Register AX Register DX Register

CX Register

What is the binary result of subtracting 101010 from 110101? 001011 011011 100001 101011

001011

Convert 437810 to hexadecimal. 112A 16 111F 16 111B 16 111A 16

111A 16

What differentiates serial and parallel ports? Serial ports send data as pulses along fewer data lines compared to parallel ports. Serial ports transmit multiple bits simultaneously, while parallel ports transmit data sequentially. Parallel ports require external power, while serial ports do not. Parallel ports are faster but less reliable than serial ports.

Serial ports send data as pulses along fewer data lines compared to parallel ports.

Which system was the first mass-produced computer? ENIAC Cray-1 Univac 1100 IBM 650

IBM 650

Which declaration must begin the text section to tell the kernel where program execution begins? begin_execution start_main global _start start_program

global _start

Which error detection code uses parity bits to identify and correct single-bit errors? Reed-Solomon code ASCII Hamming code CRC

Hamming code

What are the three main sections of an assembly program? Input, Output, and Process sections Text, BSS, and Data sections Code, Data, and Stack sections Memory, Register, and Cache sections

Text, BSS, and Data sections

What is the main disadvantage of von Neumann architecture? Limited memory capacity Single data path causing the von Neumann bottleneck Difficulty in parallel processing Lack of integration between hardware and software

Single data path causing the von Neumann bottleneck

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of fourth-generation computers? Use of VLSI technology Start of personal computing High reliance on assembly language programming Introduction of microprocessors

High reliance on assembly language programming

What is the primary function of the Direction Flag (DF) in control registers? Indicates overflow in arithmetic operations Controls external interrupt processing Determines string operation direction (left/right) Shows the sign of arithmetic results

Determines string operation direction (left/right)

What does "DDR" in DDR SDRAM refer to? Direct Data Response Dual Drive Relay Double Data Rate Dynamic Disk Rate

Double Data Rate

What is the role of cache memory in a computer? To manage file systems. To store frequently accessed data for quicker retrieval. To expand the total disk capacity. To replace main memory when it fails.

To store frequently accessed data for quicker retrieval.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of assembly language statements? Executable instructions Macros Variables Assembler directives

Variables

In direct memory addressing, what is required to locate the exact position of data? Base registers EBX and EBP only Segment start address and offset value Only the effective address Only the segment start address

Segment start address and offset value

Which addressing mode provides the fastest processing of data? Memory addressing Immediate addressing Register addressing Direct-offset addressing

At what level of the Computer Level Hierarchy do system resources get protected? Assembly Language Level High-Level Language Level System Software Level Control Level

System Software Level

Which flag indicates whether the total number of 1-bits in an arithmetic result is even or odd? Parity Flag (PF) Carry Flag (CF) Sign Flag (SF) Zero Flag (ZF)

Parity Flag (PF)

Who is credited with inventing the punched card tabulating machine? Blaise Pascal Charles Babbage John von Neumann Herman Hollerith

Herman Hollerith

What is the mathematical basis of CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Checking)? Binary addition Boolean algebra Modulo 2 arithmetic Decimal subtraction

Modulo 2 arithmetic

What is the binary value of 3 x 5 in binary arithmetic? 1011 1001 1111 1010

1111

How is overflow detected in two’s complement arithmetic? When carry-in and carry-out of the sign bit differ By using an additional parity bit By ensuring no remainder exists By checking if the sign bit changes

When carry-in and carry-out of the sign bit differ

When using the MOV instruction, which of the following is NOT a valid operation? Moving data between two registers Moving immediate value to memory Moving memory value to register Moving data between different sized operands

Moving data between different sized operands

What does a processor do in a computer system? Interprets and executes programs. Stores data permanently. Manages the connection between hardware and software. Transfers data to external devices.

Interprets and executes programs.

Convert 345 10 to octal. 525 8 552 8 513 8 531 8

531 8

CAOEXAM Flashcards

(94 cards)