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Ceutics- packet 1 > capsules > Flashcards

capsules Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

Characteristics of Capsules

A

Solid dosage form
In shell
She’ll prepared from gelatin, starch, or other
Hard or soft capsules

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2
Q

capsules are used in different forms/ways, they are:

A

Oral
Sprinkle over food
Dry Powder inhalers for inhalation delivery

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3
Q

Partial hydrolysis of collagen from the skin,

connective tissue, and bones of animals

A

Gelatin, USP

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4
Q

____ is stable in air if dry, but subject to microbial

decomposition when moist or in solution

A

Gelatin, USP

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5
Q
  • Insoluble in cold water, but can absorb up to
    10X its weight
  • Soluble in hot water and gastric fluid
A

Gelatin, USP

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6
Q

Hard gelatin capsules: basic gelatin formulation consist of —-, —–, —–

A

Gelatin
Water
Sugar

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7
Q

hard gelatin capsules are a 2 piece design

containing a capsule ____ and shorter cap

A

body

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8
Q

Manufactured by mechanical dipping of

metal pegs into gelatin mixtures

A

Hard Gelatin Capsules (HGC)

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9
Q

Advantages of Hard Gel Capsule (HGC)

A 
Rapid dissolution
Flexibility in formulation
Taste/odor masking
Some protection against light/oxygen
Common in clinical trials
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10
Q

Disadvantages of Hard gel capsules (HGC)

A

Cost
Filling equipment is slower than tableting
Issues with powder blending, power fluidity
Hygroscopic/ deliquescent materials
Rapid release of highly soluble salts
Adhesion to esophagus
Not suitable for strict vegetarians

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11
Q

absorbing or attracting moisture from the air.

A

Hygroscopic

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12
Q

to become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air, as certain salts.

A

deliquescent

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13
Q

what are the capsule sizes from large to small

A

000, 00, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

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14
Q

Tamper Proofing Methods for hard gel capsule

A

Heat to seal capsule in 1-2 spots

Cracks when pulled apart

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15
Q

3 types of fill for HGC: (3)

A

dry powders, semisolids, and liquid

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16
Q

Dry powders used for filling HGCs are

A 
powders
granules
pellets
tablets
capsules
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17
Q

semisolids used to fill HGCs:

Study These Flashcards
A

thixotropic mixtures
thermosoftening mix
pastes

18
Q

Liquids used to fill HGCs:

Study These Flashcards
A

Oily liquids
Suspensions
Solutions

19
Q

Fill Material Formulation consist of:

Powders and Granules

Study These Flashcards
A 
Active
Filler/diluent 
Disintegrant 
Glidant
Lubricant
Surfactant
20
Q 
Materials Not Suitable for
Capsule Formulation (HGC)
Study These Flashcards
A

Aqueous-based liquids
Deliquescent material
Hygroscopic materials

21
Q

Why can’t the following be used in hard gel capsule formulation?

  • Aqueous-based liquids
  • Deliquescent materials
  • Hygroscopic materials
Study These Flashcards
A

BC gelatin already contains some moisture

Gelatin is able to absorb and release moisture

22
Q

Methods to separate/minimize

chemical incompatibilities

Study These Flashcards
A

Add more diluent
Add absorbent
Put small capsule of one ingredient inside larger capsules with other excipients
Produces granules from one excipients to minimize physical contact

23
Q

Gelatin Capsule vs. HPMC Capsules

Study These Flashcards
A 
Gelatin Cap:
high moisture content
protein derived from animals
chemical stability
BSE concerns
Allergy issues
Microbiological pollution

HPMC Cap:
low moisture
cellulose derived from plants

24
Q
  • Suited for Moisture-Sensitive Formulations
  • Resistant to Cross-linking (i.e. Aldehydes)
  • Accepted for pharmaceutical use in all major global-markets
  • TSE certification not required
  • Non-animal capsule
  • Meets Cultural and Dietary needs
Study These Flashcards
A

HPMC Capsules

25
100% Natural • Made of Water-Soluble Vegetable derived polysaccaride produced by fermentation • Odorless, tasteless & biodegradable • Impermeable to oxygen transmission • Starch, Preservative & Glutten free • Non-GMO
Pullulan Capsules
26
Advantages of Liquids in HGC
In house development and production Low oxygen permeability Enhanced bioavailability Relatively easy to formulate
27
Disadvantages of liquids in HGC
Physical and chemical stability | - possible leaking, requires sealing/banding
28
for Leak Proofing, ____ is used around capsule joint
band-sealing
29
Unique dosage form consisting of a high-gloss gelatin coating that encases a caplet core.
Press Fit Capsule
30
Soft Gelatin Capsules (SGC) contain ___ in gelatin
plasticizer
31
Soft Gelatin Capsules (SGC) shapes:
oblong, spherical tube-shaped elliptical
32
Applications of SGC are:
Oral Rectal/vaginal suppositories Ophthalmic and Topical Cosmetics
33
Advantages of SGC
``` Good uniformity Rapid release Good bioavailability Taste/odor masking Overcome problems associated with tableting Easy to swallow Tamper evident ```
34
Disadvantages of SGC
- Specialized equipment required - More intimate contact of fill with shell (compared to hard gelatin capsules) - Limited excipient choices
35
Composition of SGC Shell
``` Gelatin Plasticizers Preservatives Colorant Residual moisture : 6-10% ```
36
Examples of plastisizers (used in SGC shell)
glycerin propylene glycol sorbitol
37
Liquids Used in Soft Gelatin | Capsules
Water immiscible volatile or nonvolatile | Water miscible nonvolatile
38
Requirements to Fill Materials for a SGC
Ph 2.5 - 7.5 Low water conc. <5% Ethanol as cosolvent Drug chemically stable in water... Not water soluble Do not use: aldehydes and aqueous emulsions
39
Examples of SGC
Vitamin E Chloral hydrate Pro cardio capsules OTC cough/cold/allergy products
40
Hard Gelatin vs. Soft Gelatin | Capsules
``` Shorter disintegration of HGC In house manufacturing (lower costs) Absence of hygroscopic plasticizers Less drug migration into shell Multiple fills ```
41
Suited for moisture sensitive formulations Resistant to cross linking Non-animal capsule
HPMC capsules
42
This capsule is 100% natural Water soluble vegetable derived by fermentation Impermeable to oxygen transmission Non-GMO
Pullulan Capsules

Ceutics- packet 1 (6 decks)

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