Carbohydrates

Question 1

What are carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Macronutrient made by green plants during photosynthesis

Question 2

What are carbs 2 main functions?

Answer 2

Provide energy

Help get rid of waste products

Question 3

What are the 2 groups of carbs called?

Answer 3

Sugars

Complex carbohydrates

Question 4

What are the two types of sugars

Answer 4

Monosaccharides

Disaccharides

Question 5

What sugars are made from one sugar molecule

Answer 5

Monosaccharides

Question 6

What are disaccharides?

Answer 6

Sugars made from 2 sugar molecules

Question 7

What are the three monosaccharides?

Answer 7

Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

Question 8

What are the three disaccharides?

Answer 8

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose

Question 9

What is another name for a complex carbohydrate?

Answer 9

Polysaccharide

Question 10

What are 4 examples of polysaccharides?

Answer 10

Starch
Pectin
Dextrin
Dietary fibre

Question 11

What polysaccharide do animals make?

Answer 11

Glycogen from the carbs they eat

Question 12

What are the main sources of Glucose?

Answer 12

Ripe fruit and veg

Question 13

What are the main sources of Fructose?

Answer 13

Fruit
Veg
Honey
High fructose corn syrup
Sweetners
Carbonated soft drinks

Question 14

What are the main sources of Galctose?

Answer 14

Milk from mammals

Question 15

What are the main sources of Maltose?

Answer 15

Cereal

Question 16

What are the main sources of Sucrose?

Answer 16

Sugar

Sweets

Question 17

What are the main sources of Lactose?

Answer 17

Milk

Question 18

What are the main sources of Starch?

Answer 18

Cereal
Starch veg
POTATOES

Question 19

What are the main sources of Dietary Fibre?

Answer 19

Whole grain products

Question 20

What are the main sources of Pectin?

Answer 20

Fruit

Some root veg

Question 21

What are the main sources of Dextrin?

Answer 21

Baked or toasted starchy products

Question 22

What are the effects of a deficiency of carbs?

Answer 22

Lack of energy/ tiredness
Weight loss
Severe weakness

Question 23

What are the effect of an excess of carbs?

Answer 23

High blood sugar levels
Type 2 diabetes
Tooth decay

Question 24

How does an excess of carbs lead to type 2 diabetes?

Answer 24

Refined and processed carbs are broken down quickly and absorbed. This causes a rapid rise of blood sugar levels and puts stress on the pancreas which produces insulin. Insulin allows glucose to be used as energy. Eventually the pancreas will stop working or the cells will become resistant to insulin leading to type 2 diabetes

Question 25

What are free sugars?

Answer 25

Sugars that are released from foods such as fruit during food processing that are more likely to cause tooth decay

Question 26

What are intrinsic sugars?

Answer 26

Sugars found naturally in foods such as apples and are less likely to cause tooth decay

Question 27

What is the % of food energy per day should come from carbs?

Answer 27

50%