Carbohydrates Flashcards
What do carbohydrates contain?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What are monosaccharides?
Monosaccharides are simple sugars, names end in -ose
Monosaccharides are the monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made e.g glucose
What is the general formula of monosaccharides
Cn(H2O)n
What does a condensation reaction between 2 monosaccharides form?
A glycosidic bond
What is a disaccharide?
Condensations reactions form dimers (two monomers) called disaccharides
Name 3 types of disaccharides?
Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose
How is maltose made?
Condensation reaction between 2 glucose molecules
How is sucrose formed?
Condensation of a glucose and a fuctose
How is lactose formed?
Condensation of a glucose and a galactose
Name glucose’s isomers
Alpha glucose
Beta glucose
How is a polysaccharide formed?
Disaccharides link to form polysaccharides
Name 3 polysaccharides
Glycogen
Starch
Cellulose
How are glycogen and starch formed?
The condensation of alpha glucose
How is cellulose formed?
Condensation of beta glucose
