carbohydrates, proteins, and fat

Question 1

types of carbohydrates

Answer 1

simple or complex

Question 2

how many calories per gram in a carbohydrate?

Answer 2

4 calories per gram

Question 3

Various forms of sugar, such as glucose and sucrose (table sugar). They are small molecules, so they can be broken down and absorbed by the body quickly and are the quickest source of energy.

Answer 3

Simple carbohydrates.

Question 4

These carbohydrates are composed of long strings of simple carbohydrates. They tend to provide energy to the body more slowly than simple carbohydrates but still more quickly than
protein or fat. Because they are digested more slowly than simple carbohydrates, they are less likely to be converted to fat.

Answer 4

Complex carbohydrates

Question 5

The 3rd type of carbohydrate

Answer 5

Fiber

Question 6

a tough complex carbohydrate that cannot be
digested

Answer 6

Fiber

Question 7

foods that make you feel full, reduce the risk of heart
disease, cancer and type 2 diabetes

Answer 7

high fiber foods

Question 8

Good sources of fiber

Answer 8

Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds and legumes

Question 9

_________ means that the food is highly processed. The fiber and bran, as well as many of the vitamins and minerals they contain, have been stripped away. The body processes these carbohydrates quickly, and they provide little nutrition
although they contain about the same number of calories.

Answer 9

Refined

Question 10

a complex carbohydrate that the body can easily
and rapidly convert to energy.

Answer 10

glycogen

Question 11

is stored in the liver and the muscles.

Answer 11

glycogen

Question 12

Muscles use __________ for energy during periods of intense exercise.

Answer 12

glycogen

Question 13

Proteins consist of units called ____________, strung
together in complex formations.

Answer 13

amino acids

Question 14

proteins are
(complex or simple?) molecules, the body takes longer to break them down.

Answer 14

complex

Question 15

How many calories per gram for protein

Answer 15

4 calories per gram

Question 16

The body needs ________ to maintain and replace tissues and to function and grow.

Answer 16

Protein

Question 17

Is protein usually used for energy?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

When is protein used for energy?

Answer 18

If the body is not getting enough calories from other
nutrients or from the fat stored in the body, it is used for energy.

Question 19

What happens when more protein is consumed than is needed?

Answer 19

If more protein is consumed than is needed, the body breaks the protein down and stores its components as fat.

Question 20

____ are the slowest source of energy but the most energy-efficient form
of food

Answer 20

Fats

Question 21

How many calories are in each gram of fat?

Answer 21

9 calories per gram of fat

Question 22

____ are important for brain development, blood
clotting, and controlling inflammation.

Answer 22

Fats

Question 23

____ aide in helping to
maintain healthy hair and skin.

Answer 23

Fats

Question 24

Where does the body deposit excess fat?

Answer 24

in the abdomen (omental fat) and under the skin (subcutaneous fat) to use when it needs more energy.

Question 25

Where does the body deposit excess fat which causes serious disorders?

Answer 25

in blood vessels and within organs, where it can block blood flow and damage organs

Question 26

Different types of fat

Answer 26

Saturated fats, unsaturated fats, trans fats

Question 27

_______________ are more likely to increase
cholesterol levels and increase the risk of atherosclerosis.

Answer 27

Saturated fats

Question 28

__________________ are considered more healthy fats when consumed in moderation.

Answer 28

Unsaturated fats

Question 29

_____________________________are a different category of fat. They are man-made, formed by adding hydrogen atoms (hydrogenation)
to monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Answer 29

Trans fats (trans fatty acids)

Question 30

In the United States, the main dietary source of trans fats is _________________, present in many
commercially prepared foods.

Answer 30

partially hydrogenated vegetable oils