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Family Life terms Flashcards

1
Q

Ductless or tubeless organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

A

Endocrine Glands

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2
Q

Substances made by glands in the body that control a wide variety of physical and mental responses.

A

Hormones

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3
Q

Produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth.

A

Thyroid gland

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4
Q

Produce a hormone that regulates the body’s balance of calcium and phosphorus.

A

Parathyroid gland

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5
Q

A gland that serves both the digestive and endocrine systems.

A

Pancreas

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6
Q

Regulates and controls the activities of all other endocrine systems.

A

Pituitary gland

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7
Q

Glands that help the body deal with stress and respond to emergencies.

A

Adrenal glands

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8
Q

Male gametes.

A

Sperm

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9
Q

The male sex hormone.

A

Testosterone

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10
Q

Two small glands that secrete testosterone and produce sperm.

A

Testes

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11
Q

An external skin sac, which holds the testes.

A

Scrotum

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12
Q

A tube-shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes.

A

Penis

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13
Q

A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system.

A

Semen

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14
Q

The inability to reproduce.

A

Sterility

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15
Q

Female gametes.

A

Eggs

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16
Q

The female sex glands that store the ova, eggs, and produce female sex hormones.

A

Ovaries

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17
Q

The hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ that nourishes and protects a fertilized ovum until birth.

A

Uterus

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18
Q

The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each month.

A

Ovulation

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19
Q

A pair of tubes with fingerlike projections that draw in the ovum.

A

Fallopian tubes

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20
Q

A muscular, elastic passageway that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body.

A

Vagina

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21
Q

The shedding of the uterine lining.

A

Menstruation

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22
Q

The opening to the uterus.

A

Cervix

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23
Q

The union of a male sperm cell and a female egg.

A

Fertilization

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24
Q

The process by which the zygote attaches to the uterine wall.

A

Implantation

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25
Q

A cluster of cells that develops between the third and eighth week of pregnancy.

A

Embryo

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26
Q

Group of developing cells after about the eighth week of pregnancy.

A

Fetus

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27
Q

Steps that a pregnant female can take to provide for her own health and the health of her baby.

A

Prenatal care

28
Q

A group of alcohol-related birth defects that includes both physical and mental problems.

A

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

29
Q

Threadlike structures found within the nucleus of a cell that carry the codes for inherited traits.

A

Chromosomes

30
Q

The basic units of heredity.

A

Genes

31
Q

The chemical unit that makes up chromosomes.

A

DNA

32
Q

Disorders caused partly or completely by a defect in genes.

A

Genetic Disorders

33
Q

A procedure in which a syringe is inserted through a pregnant female’s abdominal wall to remove a sample of amniotic fluid surrounding the developing fetus.

A

Amniocentesis

34
Q

A procedure in which a small piece of membrane is removed from the chorion, a layer of tissue that develops into the placenta.

A

Chorionic villi sampling

35
Q

The process of inserting normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders.

A

Gene therapy

36
Q

Events that need to happen in order for a person to continue growing toward becoming a healthy, mature adult.

A

Developmental tasks

37
Q

The confidence that a person can control his or her own body, impulses, and environment.

A

Autonomy

38
Q

A lateral, or side-by-side, curvature of the spine.

A

Scoliosis

39
Q

The period between childhood and adulthood.

A

Adolescence

40
Q

The time when a person begins to develop certain traits of adults of his or her gender.

A

Puberty

41
Q

The ability to reason and think out abstract solutions.

A

Cognition

42
Q

The state at which the physical body and all its organs are fully developed.

A

Physical maturity

43
Q

The state at which the mental and emotional capabilities of an individual are fully developed.

A

Emotional maturity

44
Q

A promise or a pledge.

A

Commitment

45
Q

The legal process of taking a child of other parents as one’s own.

A

Adoption

46
Q

To direct or manage something for or by oneself

A

Self-directed

47
Q

Love without limitation or quantification.

A

Unconditional love

48
Q

Critical changes that occur in all stages of life.

A

Transitions

49
Q

The feelings of sadness or loneliness that accompany children’s leaving home and entering adulthood.

A

Empty-nest syndrome

50
Q

The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.

A

Integrity

51
Q

A disease caused by infection with certain bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms that can be passed from one person to another through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or other body fluids, during oral, anal, or genital sex with an infected partner.

A

Sexually transmitted diseases

52
Q

An infection that can be passed from one person to another through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or other body fluids, during oral, anal, or genital sex with an infected partner.

A

Sexually transmitted infections

53
Q

People who are infected show no symptoms or the infections produce mild symptoms that disappear.

A

Asymptomatic

54
Q

A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.

A

Epidemic

55
Q

A class of chemical agents that destroy disease-causing microorganisms while leaving the patient unharmed.

A

Antibiotics

56
Q

The commitment to not participate in something.

A

Abstinence

57
Q

Strategies for handling peer pressure, ways for people to say no to something they don’t want to do.

A

Refusal skills

58
Q

A vaccine that helps protect the body against infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).

A

HPV vaccine

59
Q

The virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It also attacks the T-cells in the human immune system.

A

Human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)

60
Q

The final stage of the HIV infection.

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs)

61
Q

A global outbreak of infectious disease.

A

Pandemic

62
Q

The moist, inner lining of some organs and body cavities such as the nose, mouth, lungs, and stomach.

A

Mucous membranes

63
Q

Specialized white blood cells that perform many immune functions, such as fighting pathogens.

A

Lymphocytes

64
Q

Proteins that act against a specific antigen.

A

Antibodies

65
Q

A test that screens for the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood.

A

Antibody Screening Test

66
Q

A laboratory technique used to detect a specific protein in a blood or tissue sample.

A

Western blot

67
Q

Used in situations where the infected person might not come back to learn the results to the test. A blood sample is collected and analyzed immediately.

A

Rapid test

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