carbon - adaptation and mitigation strats Flashcards
(19 cards)
1
Q
adaptation strategies
A
- water conservation
- land use planning
- resilient agriculture systems
- flood risk management
- solar radiation management
1
Q
adaptation
A
changing the way we live to best cope with a new situation
2
Q
water conservation
A
- changing behaviour to reduce water consumption
- Using more grey water and adapting home design to collect grey water more easily
- charging people more for water
3
Q
criticisms of water conservation
A
- campaigns to encourage water conservation may be needed
- demand for water is rising faster than the extent of conservation awareness
- populations need to realise water is a precious commodity as well as a human right
4
Q
land use planning
A
- restricting the amount of built development that can occur in floodplains for example
- designing street layouts so that minimal disruption occurs
- relcating critical buildings like hospitals away from risky areas
5
Q
criticisms of land use planning
A
- high land values in urban areas mean it is difficult to abandon land to the posibility of flooding
- abandoning land is very difficult to enforce
6
Q
resilient agricultural systems
A
- using ‘smart irrigation’ that tailors water supply to meet the needs of individual plants
- planting genetically selected crops to be more drought resistant
- rotating crop types to replenish carbon stores in soil
7
Q
resilient agricultural systems criticisms
A
- new forms of farming such as indoor farming have higher energy demand through need of artifical lighting
- new forms of agriculture might be more expensive
- genetic selection and modification is not always legal or morally accepted
8
Q
flood risk management
A
- using hard and soft engineering techniques to manage floods
- stopping deforestation within a drainage basin so that rees are better able to take in excess water
9
Q
criticisms of flood risk management
A
- hard engineering can be expensive and does not work universally
- flood defences can detract drom the natural beauty of a place
10
Q
solar radiation management
A
- desiging engineering ways of reflecting solar radiation back into space, such as satelites to act as giant reflectos
- known as geo-engineering
11
Q
criticisms of solar radiation management
A
- limited evidence for these proposals
- doesnt address all impacts of global warming eg ocean acidification
12
Q
mitigation
A
directly mimimise the impacts of climate change by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
13
Q
types of mitigation strategies
A
- renewable switching
- energy efficiency
- carbon taxation
- carbon capture and storage
- afforestation
14
Q
renewable switching
A
- increasing the availability and decreasing the cost of renewable energy sources
- national governments need to make investments and make them available on their national grid
14
Q
carbon taxation
A
- governments can charge businesses for their carbon emissions or for using building materials that have to be transported over longer distances
- eg older cars being taxed more because they have higher emissions
15
Q
energy efficiency
A
- people can reduce their car use or buy more fuel-efficient cars
- homes can be made more energy effient eg double glazing
- governments can offer grants and loans to people enstalling energy efficient features
16
Q
carbon capture and storage
A
- givernments can invest in carbon capture and storage
- carbon dioxide emitted from burning fossil fuels is captured and stored underground for example in depleted oil and gas resevoirs
17
Q
afforestation
A
- restore degraded forests can increase carbon uptake by the biosphere
- grants might be given to landowners who reforest their land
