Carbonates Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are the carbonate minerals?
What is the chemical reaction that forms calcite?
What are some differences between calcite and dolomite?
Difficult to distinguish. Dolomite doesn’t etch in acid and doesn’t take a stain. Calcite does.
What are the classification sizes for calcites?
Calcilutite – grain size <0.063mm
Calcarenite btw 0.063-2mm
Calcirudite >2mm
What is folks classification for carbonates?
What is Dunham’s classification?
Following Dunham’s & Folk’s classification for carbonates, what type of energy is mud-supported? Grain supported?
Mud supported is lower energy, grain is higher
What is diagenisis?
All changes (short of metamorphic) in the texture, composition, and other physical aspects of a sediment or sedimentary rocks after it is deposited until the time it is examined and analyzed. Diagenetic processes include compaction, re-crystallization, selective solution, and cementation.
TLDR change happening after burial
Study this carbonate grain diagram
Study this oolite grain size chart
What would Dunham call a packed oosparite?
Grainstone
What are the sources of carbonate lumps?
- accumulation of loose carbonate sand
- precipitation of marine carbonate cement while at rest
- break up of layers by storm into lumps
What is a stylolite?
A styolite, or stylolite, is a secondary sedimentary structure, a serrated or zigzag surface within a rock mass, formed by pressure dissolution where mineral material has been removed, often leaving behind insoluble residues like clay or iron oxides.
What are different cement types in carbonates?
What are different cementation environments
meteoric = fresh water
whenever you get groundwater you can get cement
if the pH/conditions are right, you can get cement overnight
