Carbs and Lipids Quiz Flashcards by Max O | Brainscape

Q

Carbs aka

A

sugars and starches

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Q

Lipids aka

A

fats, oils, waxes

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Q

Any organic molecule of only hydrogen and carbon

A

hydropcarbon

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Q

Nonpolar is

A

hydrophobic

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Q

What is molecular formula for glucose, fructose, and galactose?

A

C6 H12 O6

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Q

Hydroxyl is a

A

functional group

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Q

A fatty acid is a…

A

monomer

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Q

The macromolecules/biomolcules include:

A

carbs and lipids

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Q

What is condensation reaction for carbs?

A

Monosacchardes to polysacchardies

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Q

What is condensation reaction for lipids?

A

Glycerol plus fatty acids to lipids

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Q

G?

A

Glycerol

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Q

ose

ase

A

sugar

enxyme

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Q

Which reaction requires water?

A

Hydrolysis

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Q

Sucrose is a…

A

disaccharide

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Q

Bond in hyrdolysis/condensation?

A

Covalent

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Q

Lipids main

A

triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes

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Q

3 Monosacchardies?

A

Glucose, fructose, galactose

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Q

Isomer

A

same chem formal, different structural formula

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Q

Monosaccharide is a

A

simple sugar

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Q

What is lactose?

A

Glucose and galactose

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Q

What is sucrose?

A

Glucose and fructose

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Q

What is maltose?

A

Glucose and glucose

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Q

What do glucose and fructose make?

A

Sucrose

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Q

What do glucose and glucose make?

A

Maltose

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Q

What di glucose and galactose make?

A

Lactose

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Q

In maltose, the monosaccharides are ___ and the disaccharide is ___

A

2 glucose

maltose

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Q

Name when 3 or 4 monosaccharides are joined?

A

oligosaccharide

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Q

Lactose…

A

Lacks lactase

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Q

Linked to protein, attached to lipid

A

(disaccharides)

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Q

All 3 disaccharides have

A

glucose

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Q

Starch bonding

A

Covalent bonding between glucose monomers

Q

Type of chain in starches

A

coiling chain

Q

How do plants store excess glucose?

A

starch

Q

Complex carbs are

A

starches

Q

What is stored in cell wall of plants cells?

A

cellulose

Q

How do humans break down starch?

A

Hydrolysis enzymes

Q

How do humans/animals store glucose?

A

Glycogen (in muscle and liver)

Q

Glycogen

A

Highly branched chains

Q

Hyrdoxyl structure

A

——-O-H

Q

Hydroxyl character

A

polar

Q

Hydroxyl formula

A

-OH

Q

Hydroxyl found in

A

sugars

alcohols

Q

Chitin is a…

A

polysacharide

Q

Chains in chitin

A

Long, unbranching

Q

Chitin linked by

A

Hydrogen bonds

Q

Chitin reinforces

A

Cell wall of fungi

Q

Chitin hardens

A

exoskeleton of arthropods

Q

Carbs elements and ratio

A

C, H, O (1:2:1)

Q

carb polymers

A

di, oligo, poly

Q

Carb functional group

A

Hydroxyl

Q

Glucose, fructose, and galactose are

A

isomers

Q

Carb Mono

A

glucose, fructose, gala

Q

Carb di,

A

suc, mal, lac

Q

carb polysaccharides

A

Starch, cellulose, glycogen, chitin

Q

Carb functions

A

Structural material to build larger molecules

Easily accessible energy source (glucose)

Q

Cellulose in

A

tight bundles

Q

cellulose aka

A

fiber

Q

Lipid functoin

A

Long term energy

Q

Lipids structure

A

No set ration (C, H, O)

Q

BB of lipids

A

fatty acid chains and alcohol

Q

fatty acid chains aka

A

hydrocarbon chain

Q

lipids __ times more than carbs

A

2 times

Q

Glycerol for

Glycogen for

A

Fats

Carbs

Q

Glycerol polar/nonpolar and functional group?

A

Polar, hydroxyl

Q

Main functional groups on lipids

A

Hydroxyl (on alcohol)

Carboxyl (on fatty acid chains)

Q

A fat with three fatty acid tails

A

triglyceride

Q

aka fat

A

saturated tri

Q

aka oil

A

unsaturated tri

Q

Saturated derived from

A

animals

Q

Unsaturated derived from

A

plants

Q

one kind

A

monounsaturatedq

Q

two kinks

A

polyunsaturated

Q

Organic compound consisting of hyrdrocarbon (tail) with acidic carboxyl group at one end (head)

A

fatty acid

Q

Carboxyl group/head is

A

hydrophilic

Q

Tail/hydrocarbon is

A

hyrdophobic