Chapter 3 Flashcards by Max O

Secondary structure patterns?

loops, helixes (coils), or flat sheets

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Do most proteins have similar ss patterns?

Yes

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What are elements of amino acid?

organic 
carboxyl group 
amine group 
R Group 
Carbon atom

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RNA look like

single-traded chain of nucleotides

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double layer of lipids arranged tail to tail

lipid bilayer

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short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

peptide

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what DNA look like

two chains of nucleotides twisted into double helix

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Role of ATP

Energy carrier in cells

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What defines the type of protein?

Primary structure

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Can a functional group be hydrogen?

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what do functional groups bond to?

carbon of organic molecule

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Organic molecule has one or more polypeptides

Protein

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long fa tails to long chain alcohol or carbon rings

wax

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long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

polypeptide

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What type of bonding in starch and glycogen/what mono ?

glucose

covalent

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highly branched chains

glycogen

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short chain of covalently bonded monosaccharides; attached to lipids or proteins, they help immunity

oligo

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What do oligo tach to

lipids or proteins

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What type of bonding between onosaccharaide?

Covalent

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One or more polypeptide chains covalently bonded together

quartenary

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Support cell part and, as part of tissues, multi celled bodies. They are what mainly makes up featers, hooves,

structural protein

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all lipids are

hydrophobic

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tail is

hydrophobic, attracted to oil

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head is

philic `

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secondary forms bonds ____

between func. groups in aa

tertiary two

pockets and crevices

does every chain with same aa fold same way?

Yes

What change protein shape?

detergent, heat, ph

RNA function

protein synthesis

What does functional group bond to

carbon of organic compound

what bonds hold nucleotides chains of DNA

hydrogen

Hydrogenatoin

manufacturing process that adds H atoms to oil to change them to solid fats

Chem form for monomer

C6 H12 06

Carb elements/ration

CHO 1:2:1

Carb functions

1. quick nrg | 2. structural purposes (cell wall, exoskeleton)

Lipids elements/ratio

CHO no set ratio

functional group on carbodydrate

OH hydroxyl

functional groups on lipids

fatty acid chain carboxyl (COOH) | Hydroxyl (OH)

Lipids functiona

1. Makes up cell membranes | water proof

What are lipids component of?

Many hormones and vitamins?

what does amino acid have?

``` central carbon amine group carboxyl Hydrogen R group ```

Elements/Ratio of proteins

CHON

What is P

Phosphates

Functional groups on proteins?

amine carboxyl R group

What is dipep?

2 aa

What is polyps?

3 to 100 aa

what is enzymes?

101 to thousands of aa's

Functions of proteins

1. Account for diversity of life Controls rate of reactions Structural component in skin, muscle, bones Cell maker and receptor

What are antibodies, blood clotting, factors and some horses?

Proteins

What does a nucleotide have?

5 carbon sugar Phosphate group nitrogen base

elements/ratio nucleotide

CHONP

Functional groups on nucleic acids

Phosphate group PO4

Nucleic acids functions

blueprints of life genetic info Controls all cell activities

oligo is usually

attached to protein to make a glycoprotein, immune response

What is a oligo attached to polypeptide

glycoprotein

When enzymes bond lipids to a protein

lipoproteins

What is oligo usually attached to

protein

ATP is a...

modified nucleotide because 3 phosphates

Function ATP

store energy

If ATP hydrolysis

ADP, then AMP

antibodies and receipts are

proteins

A true protein is

100 or more amino acids

glycerol polar or not?

Polar

cell membranes are

selectively permeable

Phosphate groups are...

hydrophilic

Steroids don't have

alchohol or fatty acids

bad cholesterol is

LDL

cells remodel cholesterol to produce

bile salts, vitamin D, hormones

what do bile salts do?

Metabolize salts

3 aa makes a

polypeptide

2 aa makes

100 or more makes

protein

Secondary strucutre

plated sheet or alpha helix

bond between side chains

tertiary

PrPC is a

glycoprotein

what is prion

PRPC

where in PrPC

cell membrane

Is atp a nucleotide?

Yes

How do nucleic acids bond?

sugar of one nucleotide bonded to phosphate group of the next

Stores and transfers info for protein syntehsis

RNA

ATP is what number

3rd phosphate (greatest energy)

Where is glycogen found?

muscles and liver

3 carbon is

glycerol

Chapter 3 Flashcards

(83 cards)