Cardiac

Question 1

1st degree HB: AV node conduction

Answer 1

Prolonged but intact

Question 2

ECG for 1st degree HB

Answer 2

Prolonged PR consistently, otherwise regular

Question 3

What HB can be treated with atropine

Answer 3

First, Second type 1, block must be above bundle of his

Question 4

2nd degree HB

Answer 4

One or more but not all sinus impulses blocked

Question 5

2nd degree HB type I (site of dispruption

Answer 5

AV node

Question 6

PR interval: 2nd degree HB type 1

Answer 6

lengthens until lost in QRS or blocked impulse

Question 7

Type II 2nd degree HB site of disruption

Answer 7

AV node or lower

Question 8

PR interval in type II 2nd degree HB

Answer 8

constant except when blocked. Some P waves with no QRS

Question 9

2:1 2nd degree HB

Answer 9

2 p waves for every QRS

Question 10

Third degree HB

Answer 10

Complete block with no conduction

Question 11

Rhythm in 3rd degree HB

Answer 11

Junctional or Ventricular escape rhythm

Question 12

P wave and QRS in 3rd degree HB

Answer 12

have no relationship, independent of each other, at rates of pacing cells

Question 13

Tx for 3rd degree HB

Answer 13

Pacing, Dopamine, E

Question 14

S/S bradycardia (5)

Answer 14

hypotension
Alt Mental status
Shock
Ischemic chest pain
Acute HF

Question 15

Tx for bradycardia

Answer 15

Pacing, atropine

Question 16

Bradycardia on CO

Answer 16

Decreased HR = Decreased CO = decreased perfusion

Question 17

Tachycardia on CO

Answer 17

inc O2 demands increase HR

Question 18

Equation for CO

Answer 18

HRxSV

Question 19

SV

Answer 19

amount of blood ejected with each contraction

Question 20

what is HR determined by

Answer 20

ANS/PNS/SNS

Question 21

what HR decreases CO

Answer 21

> 200

Question 22

3 components of SV

Answer 22

Preload
Afterload
Contractility

Question 23

Preload

Answer 23

Blood volume returning to heart

Question 24

more preload = ___ SV

Answer 24

more

Question 25

what affects preload

Answer 25

venous return

Question 26

Afterload

Answer 26

Opposition of blood leaving heart

Question 27

more afterload = ___ SV

Answer 27

less

Question 28

What does angiotension do

Answer 28

Vasoconstriction

Question 29

purpose of angiotension inhibitor

Answer 29

decrease BP through vasodilation, reduce Na/water retention

Question 30

effect of calcium on heart muscle

Answer 30

decreases contractility

Question 31

purpose of Ca channel blockers

Answer 31

slow conduction to increase contractility

Question 32

How do vasodilators decrease CO

Answer 32

decrease cardiac workload so decreased HR/CO

Question 33

How do diuretics work

Answer 33

block Na absorption

Question 34

Rhythms to cardiovert

Answer 34

``` Atrial tachycardia SVT Aflutter Afib VTach with pulse ```

Question 35

Rhythms for Defib

Answer 35

Vtach no pulse | Vfib

Question 36

Rhythms that need pacing

Answer 36

``` Sinus arrest Junctional escape Ventricular escape AV block Asystole ```