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Cardiac Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the physiological purpose of the cardiovascular system?

A

Transport resources
remove waste product
regulate body temp

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2
Q

What is vasodilation and why does it occur?

A

The dilation of the blood vessels in order to cool off an animal

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3
Q

How does the heart know which areas of the body require vasoconstriction after the events of trauma?

A

Limit blood flow to non-essential areas of the body and concentrate it to the core
Typically determined by sensors that determine certain processes

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4
Q

What are the four components of the cardiovascular system?

A

Arteries, Capillaries, veins, and heart

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5
Q

What is true about all arteries?

A

They carry blood AWAY from the heart to the tissues

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the capillaries?

A

The area of the cardiovascular system where all functions occur
AKA the business end of things, think like a bus stop

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7
Q

What is the purpose of veins?

A

Return blood to the heart

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8
Q

What is the main purpose of the heart?

A

It is the central pump

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9
Q

What is special about the heart’s action potential?

A

It is spontaneous

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10
Q

What regulates the cardiovascular system?

A

The heart is self regulatory

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11
Q

Which side of the heart does deoxygenated blood go?

A

The right side of the heart

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12
Q

What makes up the pulmonary circulation?

A

deoxygenated blood goes to the right side of the heart through the systemic vein
the pulmonary artery then takes the blood to the pulmonary capillaries where oxygen is picked up and carbon dioxide i dropped off

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13
Q

Where does oxygenated blood leave the heart?

A

The left side of the heart by the systemic arteries

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14
Q

What makes up the systemic circulation?

A

oxygenated blood enters the heart through the pulmonary vein
it then leaves the heart through the systemic artery
at the tissue of the the capillary bed oxygen is dropped off and carbon dioxide is picked up to return to the heart by systemic veins

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15
Q

What is true regarding all arteries?

A

All arteries carry blood away from the heart

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16
Q

What does the vena cava do?

A

Returns deoxygenated blood to the heart

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16
Q

What makes up the central muscular pump?

A

Vena cava
4 chamber heart-in most animals, 2 atria and 2 ventricles
pulmonary artery
aorta

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17
Q

What is the function of the atria?

A

Used as a conduit and has booster filling functions

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18
Q

Where are the atria located in the heart?

A

They are the upper chambers of the heart

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19
Q

What is the function of the ventricles?

A

Pumping to pulmonary and systemic circulations

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20
Q

Where are the ventricles of the heart located?

A

The lower chambers

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21
Q

What’s one distinguishable difference between the atria and ventricles?

A

The atria walls are thinner than the ventricles

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22
Q

What can make the ventricular wall thickness change?

Study These Flashcards
A

It’s based on pressure

23
Q

What is the purpose of the pulmonary artery and the aorta?

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A

deliver blood to the circulation systems (the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit

24
Which one delivers oxygenated blood, the aorta or the pulmonary artery?
The aorta
25
What happens to the heart during systole?
it contracts and pump blood out of the heart
26
What happens during diastole?
The heart relaxes and fills with blood
27
What happens to the ventricles during systole?
They contract in order for blood to leave the heart
28
What happens to the ventricles during diastole?
They relax and fill with blood
29
How are the ventricles organized anatomically?
The right ventricle wraps around the left ventricle
30
Does systole of the atria and ventricles occur at the same time or sequentially?
Sequentially
31
What are valves?
One way doors that open to allow blood to pass
32
What are considered the great vessels?
pulmonary artery and the atria
33
What are the two atrioventricular (AV) valves?
Tricuspid (R AV valve) and mitraL (L AV valve)
34
When do the AV valves open?
During diastole, ventricle filling
35
What are the two names for the semilunar valves?
Pulmonic and aortic
36
When do the semilunar valves open?
During systole, ventricular pumping
37
Which valves open during systole?
The pulmonary valve and the aortic valve
38
Which valves are closed during systole?
The mitral and tricuspid valves
39
What valves are open during diastole?
Mitral and tricuspid valves
40
What valves are closed during diastole?
The pulmonary valve and the aortic valve
41
What tells the heart to beat?
Spontaneous depolarization at sinus node
42
What two kinds of muscle cells are part of the cardiovascular system?
Specialized myocytes and working myocytes
43
What controls the heart rate?
The cardiac conduction system it controls it by controlling the spread of depolarization through the heart
44
What makes up the cardiac conduction system?
Sinus node, His-Purkinje system, atrioventricular node
45
What is excitation coupled with?
The muscle contraction
46
What does depolarization initiate?
Contraction of the muscles
47
What are specialized cardiac myocytes?
The cardiac conduction system sinus node, His-Purkinje system, and the atrioventricular node
48
What do working cardiac myocytes contain?
Lots of myosin and actin
49
What are working cardio-myocytes responsible for?
muscle contraction and pumping of the blood
50
What type of myocytes make up most of the atria and ventricles?
Working cardio-myocytes
51
What initiates the cardiac cycle?
Sinus node depolarization
52
What is AV node delay?
a pause between atrial depolarization and ventricular depolarization to optimize ventricular filling before ventricular pumping starts
53
What results from vetricular depolarization and contraction?
Ventricular pumping (systole
54
What myocytes have Na moving in for depolarization?
Working cardio-myocytes
55
What myoctes have K moving out for depolarization?
All cardio-myocytes working cardio-myocytes specialized cardio-myocytes

Normal Animal (3 decks)

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