Cardiac

Question 1

MC congenital heart defect

Answer 1

bicuspid aortic valve

Question 2

MCC enlarged coronary sinus

Answer 2

persistent left SVC

Question 3

pulm valve stenosis –> what happens to:

• main pulm trunk
• L pulm A
• R pulm A

Answer 3

• main: enlarge
• L: enlrg
• R: normal

Question 4

anomalous origin of left/right coronary A –> assoc w what complication?

Answer 4

sudden cardiac death

Question 5

enlarged pulm trunk & L pulm A –> dx?

Answer 5

pulmonary valve stenosis

Question 6

what is ramus intermedius?

Answer 6

variant coronary A resulting from trifurcation of L main coronary A

Question 7

MRI –> most important finding for dx of myocardial infarction?

Answer 7

delayed enhancemt

Question 8

MC primary pericardial malignancy?

Answer 8

mesothelioma

Question 9

MC primary cardiac malignancy?

Answer 9

angiosarcoma

Question 10

cardioverter-defibrillator device –> proper position of proximal & distal shock coils?

Answer 10

proximal –> jx SVC & brachiocephalic

distal –> RV

Question 11

Blalock-Taussig shunt –> connects what 2 vessels?

Answer 11

subclavian A –> pulm A

Question 12

Blalock-Taussig shunt –> what is it? used to treat what condition? what effect does it have?

Answer 12

RV outflow obstruction (ie. Tetralogy of Fallot) –> systemic A to pulm A shunt –> increase pulm A blood flow?

Question 13

what is hibernating myocardium?

Answer 13

hypoperfused myocardium w reduced contractility but still viable

Question 14

what is stunned myocardium?

Answer 14

• wall dysfx

- normal perfusion

Question 15

cardiac fibroma –> epidemiology?

Answer 15

• infancy

- early childhood

Question 16

cardiac fibroma –> MC location?

Answer 16

ventricular septum/wall

Question 17

cardiac fibroma –> signal intensity relative to muscle?

Answer 17

iso

Question 18

cardiac fibroma –> contrast enhance pattern?

Answer 18

delayed enhance –> periphery to center

Question 19

what is cor pulmonale?

Answer 19

failure of the structure and function of the right ventricle in the absence of left ventricular dysfunction

Question 20

cor pulmonale –> XR finding?

Answer 20

central pulmonary artery enlargement

Question 21

what common condition can cause cor pulmonale?

Answer 21

COPD

Question 22

MCC of coronary artery aneurysms

Answer 22

atherosclerosis

Question 23

congenital pericardial absence –> MC type?

Answer 23

complete left-sided

Question 24

which ASD type is MOST commonly associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage?

Answer 24

sinus venosus

Question 25

acute myocardial infarction accompanied by severe bradycardia, which vessel is MOST likely involved?

Answer 25

Right coronary artery --> post descending A --> AV node artery

Question 26

tricuspid valve regurgitation --> MCC?

Answer 26

Right ventricular hypertension

Question 27

What is the MOST common anomaly associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the left lung?

Answer 27

usually from the left upper lobe to a left vertical vein, which then drains into the left brachiocephalic vein

Question 28

What is the MOST likely explanation for enlargement of the right atrium in a patient with mitral valve stenosis?

Answer 28

Chronic pulmonary venous hypertension in patients with mitral stenosis leads to elevated pulmonary arterial and right ventricular pressures. If severe, these will result in failure of the right ventricle, usually with tricuspid regurgitation.

Question 29

Enlargement of what structure is the MOST reliable radiographic sign of pulmonary valve stenosis?

Answer 29

Enlargement of the left main pulmonary artery, with or without pulmonary trunk enlargement, is the radiographic hallmark of pulmonary valve stenosis.

Question 30

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy --> results in what kind of valvular dz?

Answer 30

Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve The increased flow velocity occurring through the narrowed subvalvular left ventricular outflow tract draws the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve anteriorly due to the Venturi effect. This results in further obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract.

Question 31

what is myocardial bridge?

Answer 31

intramuscular course of the coronary artery

Question 32

myocardial bridge --> usu asx or sx?

Answer 32

asx