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110_Cardiac > Cardiac Arrhythmias > Flashcards

Cardiac Arrhythmias Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Sinus Brady

A
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2
Q

Sinus Brady Causes

A

Can occur in response to parasympathetic nerve stimulation and certain drugs

Also associated with some disease states
(Normal rhythm in aerobically trained athletes and during sleep)

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3
Q

Sinus Brady Manifestations

A

Hypotension
Pale, cool skin
Weakness
Angina
Dizziness or syncope
Confusion or disorientation
Shortness of breath

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4
Q

Sinus Brady Treaments

A

Stop offending drugs
IV Atropine
Pacemaker
Dopamine or epinephrine infusion

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5
Q

Sinus Tachy

A
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6
Q

Sinus Tachy causes

A

Caused by vagal inhibition or sympathetic stimulation
Associated with physiologic and psychologic stressors
Drugs can increase rate

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7
Q

Manifestations of Sinus Tachy

A

Dizziness
Dyspnea
Hypotension
Angina in patients with CAD

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8
Q

Sinus Tachy treatment

A

Guided by cause (e.g., treat pain)
Vagal maneuver
β-blockers, adenosine, or calcium channel blockers
Synchronized cardioversion

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9
Q

A patient’s cardiac rhythm is sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 34 beats/min. If the bradycardia is symptomatic, the nurse would expect the patient to exhibit:

Palpitations.
Hypertension.
Warm, flushed skin.
Shortness of breath.

A

SOB

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10
Q

Premature Atrial Contraction (1 of 4)

A
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11
Q

What is PAC?

A

Contraction starting from ectopic focus in atrium in location other than SA node
Travels across atria by abnormal pathway, creating distorted P wave
May be stopped, delayed, or conducted normally at the AV node

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12
Q

Premature Atrial Contraction Causes

A

Emotional stress
Physical fatigue
Caffeine
Tobacco
Alcohol
Hypoxia
Electrolyte imbalances
Disease states

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13
Q

PAC Manifestations

A

Palpitations
Heart “skips a beat”

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14
Q

Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT) (1 of 4)

A
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15
Q

PSVT def

A

Reentrant phenomenon: PAC triggers a run of repeated premature beats
Paroxysmal refers to an abrupt onset and ending
Associated with overexertion, stress, deep inspiration, stimulants, disease, digitalis toxicity

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16
Q

PSVT Manifestations

A

Manifestations
HR is 151 to 220 beats/min
HR greater than 180 leads to decreased cardiac output and stroke volume
Hypotension
Palpitations
Dyspnea
Angina

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17
Q

PSVT Treatment

A

Vagal stimulation
IV adenosine
IV β-blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Synchronized cardioversion

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18
Q

Pulse pressure of Pt

A

SBP - DBP = 40 or greater

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19
Q

If pulse pressure is less than 40

A

Pt has decreased cardiac output

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20
Q

If pulse pressure greater than 60

A

Cause due to atherosclerosis

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21
Q

Propertis of cell:

A

Automaticity = Potassium in/out
Excitability = to electrically stimulate
Contractility = mechanically to impulse
Conductivity = Mechanical

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22
Q

SA node (Pacemaker) > AV node (Gatekeeper) > Bundle of HIS > Purkinje fibers of heart

A
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23
Q

Slide#4
ST segnment Repolarization

A
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24
Q

Depolarization

25
Repolarization
Relaxation
26
EKG Placement 1 Pulse = PQRST 1 small box = 0.04 5 boxes = 0.2
1 stip = 6 sconds Count HR by counting the R waves and x 10
27
Slide#18
SA node, AV node = working good.
28
Slide#19 SNB
IV Atropine for Bradycardia Give Dopamine to increase BP
29
Slide #25 SNT = 140 = HR
30
Slide#27
Dizziness Dyspnea Hypotension Angina in CAD
31
Slide# 33 SVT is
150 bpm to 200 bpm and above
32
Causes of SVT
Stress/ Exersion/ Stimulant. Dig toxicity
33
With SVT
Cannot breathe anymore Cardiac do not have enough o/p
34
Slide# 36 Treatment SVT
Vagal Stimulation Adenosine Beta blockers Calcium Channel Blocker Synchronized Cardioversion
35
Verpamil short hald life
Inject fast and raise hand immediately
36
Atrial Flutter
Flutter is saw tooth
37
CAD give
- Beta blockers : metoprolol not converting then develop thrombosis so give Heparin or Coumadin - Cardioversion - Ablation
38
Atrial fibrillation no P waves
P undistinguishable
39
QRS not equal
too many Ps cannot identify Ps but can be regular in between
40
Treatment of a-fib
give anticoagulant (develop thrombosis) cardioverson RFA (Radio Frequency Ablation) Cardiac Monitoring
41
ROSC first identified monitor them by
EKG, count pulse
42
a-fib question select
administer oxygen, IV access, monitor VS, ask hx before
43
Identify ROSC what you have to do
EKG, Oxygen, anticoagulants, IV establish, medication , Teaching Pt.
44
Slide $49 AV block 1
more than 0.12 - 0.20 PQ segment or P to Q distance
45
Second degree HB
Progressive P smaller-long-longer QRS dropped.
46
Second deg HB give Morbitz 1 or Wenkcheback
Atropine (1) + Pace Maker (2) + EKG
47
Second degree Morbitz 2
7 Ps seen and 5 QRS waver...PR interval consistent = but drops QRS in between with R irregular
48
Morbitc type 2 associated with
Drug Toxicity Heart Block
49
Slide #55 : Final Examination 3rd degree HB
P no association with QRS P regular and QRS regular PR interval independent
50
3rd degree HB s/s
decreased cardiac o/p > ischemia > develops shock.
51
Ventricular Tachycardia
Lethal monomorphic single firing site Pacemaker not firing that is SA node not firing and AV node not firing = no pulse this can kill a patient
52
Beats in v-tach
200 - 280 Only ventricles are functioning w/o pulse QRS waves are wide.
53
Slide#65 Torsades de Pointe
different sizes
54
long QT, stable or unstable with pulseless ?
55
Slide # 66 v-fib
give amiodrone pulseless = pumping + defib
56
v-tach cause is because
Hypoxia CPR
57
Slide #68 V-fib pt. dies
Give epinephrine for pulseless Amiodarone
58
Slide#69 SVT know meds

110_Cardiac (8 decks)

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