Slide_Chapter 36_Valvular

Question 1

Slide #2, #4
Types of Valvular Heart Disease

Question 2

Valvular Heart disease caused by

Answer 2

Dysfunction
Stenosis
Regurgitation

Question 3

Slide#5
Stenosis is

Answer 3

hardening to tight constriction/ narrowing of the cardiac valves that causes back
dysfunction
Stenosis
Regurgitation

Question 4

Slide#5
Risk of
Valvular Heart Disease leads to

Answer 4

a-fib

Question 5

Slide#15
Clinical Manifestations of valvular heart disease

Answer 5

Dyspnea
Murmur
Fatigue
Palpitations
Hoarsness
Hemiplegia
Chest pain

Question 6

Slide#17
Cause

Answer 6

Strep throat - ask the pt did you have sore throat recently. Tell the pt. to say ah…check to see throat is red

Damage caused by MI
Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Infective Endocarditis

Question 7

Slide#20
Heart pumps
Chronic mitral valve regurgitation

Question 8

Slide#20
Any kind of valve problem the pt. develops, we have a

Answer 8

Heart murmur

Question 9

Slide#21 valve
Clinical manifestations

Answer 9

Thready pulse
Cool and Clammy extremities - call doctor immediately.

Question 10

Slide#24
It progresses to orthopnea, proxysymal dyspnea, noctural audible heart sound S3 murmur

Question 11

Slide#26 like mushroom
Asymptomatic murmur = regurgitation

Question 12

Slide#27 and slide#28 Remember

Answer 12

They all cause arrhythmias
Dizziness
Endocardidits
Chest Pain

Question 13

Slide#28
Surgery for Mitral Valve
Change valve or prosthetic valve made fo plastic

Answer 13

Immunosupressants given to quite down neutrophils

Question 14

Treatment for valve prolapse
Chest pain

Answer 14

For chest pain give beta blockers which top palpitations and decreases HR

Metoprolol and Atenolol, labetelol
Then Surgery

Question 15

With Mitral valve rememember

Answer 15

No nitro
only beta blockers

Question 16

Slide#29
Pt. education with prosthetic valve

Answer 16

Antibiotics prophylaxis, healthy diet, avoid caffeine
Avoid caffeine = no stimuant
Nervous = take deep breath for perfusion, and exercise

Question 17

Slide#30
Childhood diagnosis for valvular problems

Question 18

RF (Rheumatic Fever) casues degeneration of valves in aldults and this can lead to

Answer 18

Respiratory Failure

Question 19

RF accompany MR

Question 20

Clinical Manifestations of valvular problem

Answer 20

Exercitional dyspnea: ANgina, Syncope, Dsypnea

Question 21

Slide #34
Poor prognosis if symptomatic and not corrected
and
use nitro with caution

Question 22

Slide#36
Leaflet/ flip-flopping

Back to aorta to ventricles to left ventricles

Question 23

Acute AR

Answer 23

Trauma
IE
Aortic Dossection

Question 24

Slide #38 Clinical Manifestations of AVR

Answer 24

Dyspnea
Chest Pain
Hypotension
Leads to cardiogenic shock which is life-threatening requires surgery

Question 25

Slide#39 Asymptomic

Answer 25

Angina occurs less

Question 26

In chronic slide #39

Answer 26

Water-hammer pulse Strong hammer thenno hammer that is Strong and it collapses

Question 27

Tricuspid Stenosis causes

Answer 27

Systemic Venous Pressure

Question 28

Right atria affected what do you see? Clinical Manifestations:

Answer 28

Peripheral Edema Ascites Hepatic stenosis Murmur

Question 29

Slide #41 Pulmonic valve stenosis

Answer 29

Fatigue Loud murmur

Question 30

Dignostic Pulmonic valve stenosis

Answer 30

CT Scan, X-Ray to see how hig is your heart and valve Echocardiogram Heart catherization to check rigidity

Question 31

Slide#43 Prevention fo RF and IE

Answer 31

Prophylaxis when you go for procedure.

Question 32

Prevent exacerbation of Heart Failure, Pulmonary Edema, Endocarditis

Question 33

Slide#46 Digoxin Vasodilators Beta blockers given for palpitations and chest pain Diuretics Anticoagulant therapy

Question 34

Slide# 47 Valvuloplasty = not for regurgitation Valvuloplasty is only used to change valve

Answer 34

In valvuloplasty, baloon is put inside to allow blood to flow.

Question 35

With prosthetic valve you will have what for life?

Answer 35

Anticoagulants so that platelets don't stick together

Question 36

Mitral valve = artio-ventricular regurgitation

Answer 36

Pt has a sore throat

Question 37

Left atrial problem = Pulmonary

Answer 37

Check pt has a sore throat? Rheumatoid Fever?