Cardiac PT 1

Question 1

define normal BP

Answer 1

< 120 AND < 80

Question 2

define elevated BP

Answer 2

120-129 AND < 80

Question 3

define HTN stage 1

Answer 3

130-139 OR 80-89

Question 4

define HTN stage 2

Answer 4

> 140 OR > 90

Question 5

CO = ____ x ____

Answer 5

HR and SV

Question 6

T/F: elevated blood pressure leads to clinical manifestations/symptoms

Answer 6

false: elevated BP may be asymtpomatic

Question 7

what is the most important general goal for someone with HTN

Answer 7

educate on how to assess cardiac distress/intolerance

Question 8

it is prudent to maintain SBP _____ and/or DBP _____ when exercising

Answer 8

<220 and <105

Question 9

how do beta blockers impact exercise

Answer 9

they may reduce max/submax exercise capacity

Question 10

what is a consideration for working with patients on CCBs and vasodilators

Answer 10

excessive reductions in postexercise BP may occur without proper cool down

Question 11

at what RPE should you train your HTN patients?

Answer 11

no more than 13

Question 12

what is the hallmark sign of acute coronary syndrome

Answer 12

ischemic chest pain

Question 13

what are the four determinants of myocardial perfusion

Answer 13

1. DBP - primary driving force
2. resistance - atherosclerosis can increase it
3. vasomotor tone - determines volume
4. LVEDP

Question 14

RPP = ____ x _____; what does this mean for us

Answer 14

HR and SBP; during ischemia, stop the aggravating activity to decrease O2 demand

Question 15

what are 4 non-modifyable risk factors for CHD

Answer 15

1. male
2. age
3. fam hx
4. ethnicity

Question 16

what are 4 biological modifiable risk factors for CHD

Answer 16

1. HBP
2. blood lipid abnormalities
3. pre-DM and DM
4. obesity

Question 17

what is the difference in confirming STEMI v NSTEMI

Answer 17

STEMI confirmed by biomarkers and EKG and NSTEMI confirmed mainly by biomarkers

Question 18

where else can pain be referred in chronic stable angina

Answer 18

left shoulder, jaw, and between the shoulder blades

Question 19

what two EKG signs suggest cardiac ischemia

Answer 19

ST depression and T wave inversion

Question 20

what is the best goal for PT for pts with chronic stable angina

Answer 20

increase the amount of activity the patient can perform before experiencing chest pain

Question 21

what are FITT considerations for aerobic activity for patients with chronic stable angina

Answer 21

F: min 3 but optimally >5 days per week
I: no closer than 10 beats below anginal threshold
T: 20-60 min
T: large muscle group rhythmic

Question 22

what are FITT considerations for strength for patients with chronic stable angina

Answer 22

F: 2-3 nonconsecutive days per week
I: 10-15 reps w/o major fatigue RPE 11-13
T: 1-3 sets of 8-10 exercises
T: whatever is safe and comfortable for the pt

Question 23

sxs of unstable angina v variant angina

Answer 23

unstable and variant - chest pain at rest or with min exertion

Question 24

what is a major PT consideration for patients following percutaneous coronary interventions

Answer 24

bed rest 6-8 hours after PCI

Question 25

what are the physical activity recommendations for PCI patients

Answer 25

mod intensity for min 30 min 5 days/wk

Question 26

what are inpatient activity considerations for patients receiving stents

Answer 26

early mobility working at 11-12 RPE

Question 27

WHAT ARE STERNAL PRECAUTIONS

Answer 27

1. no pushing or pulling 2. no supporting the body with arms 3. no driving for 4-6 weeks 4. no lifting more than 5 pounds 5. no arms > 90

Question 28

in what position should you NOT exercise post-op cardiac patients?

Answer 28

supine b/c increases fluid shifting to the central system

Question 29

what are exercise recommendations for the acute care setting 1-2 weeks post CABG

Answer 29

RPE < 12 1-2x/day walking lasting 3-5 min progressing to 10-15 min

Question 30

how long is typical hospital stay for a heart attack patient

Answer 30

1-2 days in the CCU and 3-4 days in the hospital

Question 31

when is the heart at its weakest following an MI, which phases ensue?

Answer 31

``` days 4-10 necrotic phase (6d) tissue easily ruptures fibrosis phase (5d-4w) collagen phase (4w-2m) ```

Question 32

what are considerations for strength training following an MI (4)

Answer 32

1. avoid heavy lifting esp UE work 2. avoid valsalva 3. avoid isometrics 4. avoid working in supine

Question 33

what are aerobic, inpatient considerations following an MI

Answer 33

1. RPE < 12 2. 1-2x/day almost all days per week 3. include warm up and cool down 4. walking 3-5 min per session increasing to 10-15 within RPE