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SUR 134 - Surgical Procedures II > Cardiac Surgery > Flashcards

Cardiac Surgery Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

SAC-LIKE DILATION AND THINNING OF AN ARTERY WALL THAT CAN LEAD TO RUPTURE OF THE VESSEL

A

ANEURYSM

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2
Q

PAIN IN THE CHEST DUE TO DECREASED BLOOD FLOW TO THE MYOCARDIUM

A

ANGINA PECTORIS

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3
Q

ACCUMULATION OF FLUID IN THE ABDOMEN

A

ASCITES

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4
Q

BRANCHING OR FORKING INTO TWO

A

BIFURCATION

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5
Q

SYMPTOMS OF ARTERIAL OBSTRUCTION - PALLOR, PAIN ON EXERCISE, AND COOLNESS

A

CLAUDICATION

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6
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL FORMATION OF ALTERNATIVE PATHWAYS AROUND OCCLUDED VESSELS

A

COLLATERAL CIRCULATION

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7
Q

BLUISH DISCOLORATION DUE TO OXYGEN DEFICIENCY

A

CYANOSIS

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8
Q

USE OF ELECTRICAL, CHEMICAL, OR PHYSICAL MEANS TO STOP THE IRREGULAR, QUIVER-LIKE BEATING OF A HEART

A

DEFIBRILLATION

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9
Q

DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING

A

DYSPNEA

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10
Q

MASS OF UNDISSOLVED MATTER CARRIED IN THE BLOODSTREAM

A

EMBOLISM

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11
Q

OUTSIDE THE BODY

A

EXTRACORPREAL

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12
Q

RAPID, INEFFECTIVE HEARTBEAT

A

FIBRILLATION

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13
Q

REDUCED BLOOD SUPPLY TO TISSUE RESULTING IN INSUFFICIENT OXYGENAION OF THAAT TISSUE

A

ISCHEMIA

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14
Q

BUILDUP OF CELLULAR DEBRIS ON THE LINING OF THE ARTERY (TUMICA INTIMA)

A

PLAQUE

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15
Q

AIR IN THE CHEST; MAY OCCUR FROM A BLED (BLISTER) THAT RUPTURES

A

PNEUMOTHORAX

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16
Q

ABNORMAL NARROWING

A

STENOSIS

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17
Q

ABNORMAL HEART RHYTHM (PVC)

A

PREMATURE VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION

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18
Q

FORMATION OF A CLOT

A

THROMBOSIS

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19
Q

PACEMAKER OF THE HEART

A

SA NODE

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20
Q

PORTION OF THE HEART THAT RECEIVES UNOXYGENATED BLOOD

A

RIGHT ATRIUM

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21
Q

RESPONSIBLE FOR PUMPING BLOOD INTO THE PULMONARY ARTERY

A

RIGHT VENTRICLE

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22
Q

RESPONSIBLE FOR PUMPING BLOOD INTO THE AORTA

A

LEFT VENTRICLE

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23
Q

CORNARY ARTERIES ARISEW FROM THE:

A

AORTA

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24
Q

VALVE BETWEEN THE LEFT ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE

A

MITRAL OR BICUSPID

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25
VALVE BETWEEN THE RIGHT ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE
TRICUSPID
26
STRUCTURE ATTACHED TO THE VAVVULAR CUSPS AND PREVENTS VALVES FROM SWINGING BACK INTO THE ATRIA
CHORDAE TENDINEA
27
NUMBER OF PULMARY VEINS
4
28
MOST COMMON INCISION USED FOR CARDIAC SURGERY
MEDIAN STERNOTOMY
29
THE HEART LIES:
SLIGHTLY TO THE LEFT WITHIN THE MEDIASTINUM
30
HEART IS SURROUNDED BY:
PERICARDIUM
31
CONTRACTION PHASE OF THE HEART
SYSTOLE
32
DIVISION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SLOWING THE HEART RATE
PARASYMPATHETIC
33
TYPE OF ARRHYTHMIA THAT IS CHARACTERIZED BY CONTRACTION OF A VENTRICLE BEFORE IT IS EXPECTED IN A NORMAL SERIES OF CARDIAC CYCLES
PREMATURE VENTRICULAR CONTRACTIONS (PVC)
34
ABNORNAL OPENING IN THE WALL BETWEEN THE RIGHT AND LEFT VENTRICLES OF THE HEART
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT (VSD)
35
TECHNIQUE THAT PROTECTS THE HEART FROM DAMAGE DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
HYPOTHERMIA
36
MECHANICAL DEVICE DESIGNED FOR CIRCULATORY SUPPORT AFTER CARDIAC PROCEDURE; ALSO USED WHEN PATIENTS CANNOT BE WEANED OFF BYPASS MACHINE
INTRA-AORTIC BALLOON PUMP
37
WHICH PORTION OF THE HEART IS THE CANNULA PLACED TO ACHIEVE VENOUS CANNULATION FOR CARDIOPULMARY BYPASS
RIGHT ATRIUM
38
COMMUNICATING ARTERY BETWEEN THE PULMONARY ARTERY AND THE AORTA, ESSENTIAL IN THE FETUS, REMAINS OPEN, SHUNTING BLOOD AWAY FROM THE LUNGS
PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS (PDA)
39
OPENING IN THE SEPTUM BETWEEN THE RIGHT AND LEFT ATRIA
ARTIAL SEPTAL DEFECT (ASD)
40
OPENING IN THE SEPTUM BETWEEN THE RIGHT AND LEFT VENTRICLES
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT (VSD)
41
CONSTRICTION OF THE AORTIC ARCH BY THE LIGAMENTUM ARTERIOSUM, A FETAL REMNANT OF THE BYPASS FROM THE PULMONARY ARTERY TO THE AORTA (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS)
COARCTATION OF THE AORTA
42
CONSIST OF 4 STRUCTURE DEFECTS OF THE HEART - PULMONARY STENOSIS, VSD, OVERRIDING AORTA, AND RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; MOST COMMON CYANOTIC CONGENITAL CARDIAC ANAOMALY
TETRALOGY OF FALLOT (BLUE BABY)
43
PULMONARY ARTERY ARISES FROM THE LEFT VENTRICLE AND THE AORTA ARISES FROM THE RIGHT VENTRICLE, RESULTING IN CYANOSIS
TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT VESSELS
44
HEPARIN ANATAGONIST
PROTAMINE SULFATE
45
MEDICATION TO INCREASE THE FORCE OF THE HEART CONTRACTION
CALCIUM CHLORIDE
46
MEDICATION GIVEN FOR DIURESIS
FUROSEMIDE (LASIX) AND MANNITOL
47
MEDICATION TO STRENGTHEN THE HEARTBEAT
EPINEPHRINE
48
MEDICATION TO TREAT VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS AND PREVENT VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION
LIDOCAINE (XYLOCAINE)
49
MEDICATION TO PREVENT VASOSPASSM
PAPAVERINE
50
MEDICAITON TO LOWER BLOOD PRESSUE BY RELAXING SMOOTH MUSCLES
SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE (NIPRIDE)
51
BUFFER FOR METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
SODIUM BICARBONATE
52
ANTICOAGULANT GIVEN IV BEFORE VASCULAR SYSTEM IS OPENINED; USED AS A SOLUTION FOR FLUSHING VESSELS, USUALLY 5000UNITS IN 500ML OF NORMAL SALINE
HEPARIN
53
REVASCULARIZATION OF CORONARY ARTERIES TO IMPROVE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE MYOCARDIUM; 2 COMMON CONDUITS INCLUDE INTERNAL MAMMARY AND GREATER SAPHENOUS
CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT (CABG)
54
3 TISSUE LAYERS THAT MAKE UP THE HEART WALL
EPICARDIUM (OUTER); MYOCARDIUM (MIDDLE); ENDOCARDOUM (INNER)
55
INTENTIONAL STOPPAGE OF ALL CARDIAC ACTIVITY DURING CARDIAC SURGERY
CARDIOPLEGIA
56
INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY PROCEDURE THAT INVOLVES THE INSERTION OF A CATHETER INOT THE HEART CHAMBERS AND LARGE VESSELS VIA A PERIPHERAL ARTERY OR VEIN
CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
57
SLOW HEART RATE USUALLY UNDER 60 BPM
BRADYCARDIA
58
FAST HEART RATE USUALLY OVER 120 BPM
TACHYCARDIA
59
THE PHASE OF THE CARDIAC CYCLE WHEN THE HEART MUSCLES RELAXES TO ALLOW THE CHAMBERS TO FILL WITH BLOOD
DIASTOLE
60
WHEN EXCESS FLUID BUILDS UP IN THE PERICARDICAL SAC AROUND THE HEART
PERICARDIAL EFFUSION
61
THE MOST COMMON VALVULAR HEART DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY NARROWING OF THE MITRAL VALVE ORIFICE
MITRAL STENOSIS
62
NAME THE 2 SEMILUNAR VAVLES
PULMONIC AND AORTIC VALVES
63
DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY THE BUILDUP OF CHOLESTEROL DEPOSITS IN TEH ARTERIAL LINING
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
64
MINIMALLY INVASIVE STRUCTURAL HEART DISEASE TREATMENT TO OPEN A NARROWED HEART VALVE
VALVOTOMY (ALSO CALLED VAVULOPLASTY)
65
MEDICATION USED TO RESTORE AND MAINTAIN BLOOD PRESSUE FOLLWOING PERIPHERAL VASCULAR COLLAPSE
LEVOPHED (NOREPINEPHRINE)
66
DISEASE THAT AFFECTS THE MITRAL VALVE
RHEUMATIC FEVER
67
EXCESSIVE FLUID BUILDUP IN TEH PERCARDIAL SAC CAUSING COMPRESSION ON THE HEART
CARDIAC TAMPONADE
68
TREATEMENT OF CHOICE FOR PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS
SUTURE LIGATION OF THE DUCT
69
REMOVAL OF A SEGMENT OF PERICARDIUM, PERMITTING PERICARDIAL FLUID TO DRAIN INTO THE PLEURAL SPACE FOR TREATMENT OF CARDIAC TAMPONADE
PERICARDECTOMY
70
X-RAY OR FLUOROSCOPY OF ARTERIES FOLLOWING INJECTION OF CANTRAST MEDIA
ARTERIOGRAMS

SUR 134 - Surgical Procedures II (5 decks)

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