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Part 1 Pharmacology > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Treatment APO in sulfur allergy

A

Ethacrynic acid

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2
Q

half lives beta blockers

A

Esmolol: 10m
Metoprolol: 3-4hrs
Propanolol: 3.5-6hrs
Labetalol: 5hrs
Atenolol: 6-9hrs
Bisoprolol: 10-12
Sotalol: 12h
Nadolol: 15h

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3
Q

heart failure meds

A

ACEi
Then thiazide
Then beta blocker
dig if AF

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4
Q

Antihypertensive with low risk reflex tachycardia

A

GTN

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5
Q

Metabolic derangement in diuretics

A

acetazolamide + spiro - hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis
loop + thiazide - hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis

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6
Q

Electrolyte causing digoxin induced arrhythmia

A

hypercalcaemia
Hypernatraemia
Hypokalaemia
Hypomagnasaemia

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7
Q

ACEi mechanism

A

decreased ATII
Inhibit breakdown bardykinin

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8
Q

LMWH monitoring

A

Anti factor Xa levels

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9
Q

Exogenous epo se

A

Htn, thrombosis, red cell aplasia

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10
Q

Oral onset time calcium channel blockers

A

Nifedipine- 5-20m.
Verapimil- is 30m.
Diltiazem- >30m.
Felodipine- 2-5hrs

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11
Q

Cause GTN tolerance

A

Decrease in sulfhydryl groups

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12
Q

Arterial dilation only

A

diazoxide
hydralazine
don’t cause postural hypotension as symp in tact

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13
Q

Bioavailability propanolol

A

30% dose dependant

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14
Q

Labetolol mechanism

A

competitive selective alpha 1 antagonist and a competitive non selective beta 1 (B1) and 2 (B2) antagonist

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15
Q

Drugs no effect AV nodal refractory period

A

Dofetilide
Ibutilide
Lignocaine
Mexiletine

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16
Q

Digoxin metabolism

A

less than 20% metabolised
T1/2 40h
25%pb

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17
Q

Dihydropyridines vs non

A

dihydro - pine drugs, smooth muscle - postural hypotension
non - verapamil, diltiezem, SA and AV nodes

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18
Q

Nimodipine and nifedipine bioavailability

A

Nimodipine 0.13
Nifedipine 0.5

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19
Q

Calcium channel blocker excreted in stool

A

diltiezem

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20
Q

Side effects quinidine

Study These Flashcards
A

cinchonism, antimuscarinic, QTc, hepatitis

21
Q

SE procainamide

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A

QTc, antimusc, drug induced lupus, agranulocytosis

22
Q

SE disopyramide

Study These Flashcards
A

same as other 1a but v antimuscarinic

23
Q

Contraindication amiodarone

24
Q

Cardiac drug causing constipation

Study These Flashcards
A

calcium channel blockers

25
Captopril PK
not prodrug A: rapid F0.95 D: vD 0.8 T1/2 2 E: 50% unchanged
26
Na nitroprusside PK
A: IV M: T1/2 short, in RBC and plasma to cyanide, then in liver to thiocyanate
27
Diuretics causing hyperuricaemia
loop and thiazide and amiloride
28
Diuretics causing hypercalcaemia
thiazide
29
ACEi shortest and longest T1/2
short - captopril long - ramipril
30
ACEi excreted unchanged in urine
lisinopril
31
Drugs causing lupus like syndrome
procainamide, hydralazine
32
Contra indication to acetazolamide
hepatic failure - risk hyperammonaemia
33
Verapamil bioavailability
25-35%
34
Atenolol bioavailability
50%
35
Diazoxide se
Inhibits insulin release
36
Fleicanide pK
F0.9 T1/2 13h Renal metabolism and elimination
37
Methyldopa dose
250-500mg bd / tds Max 3g/ day
38
Warfarin PK
A 100 bioavailability D 99% plasma bound t1/2 36h M hepatic E nil unchanged
39
Fibrinolytics
Streptokinase - protein, combines plasminogen Urokinase - made in kidney TPA - activates plasminogen bound to fibrin
40
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
1 - mild due to plt aggregation 2 - severe 5-14d post due to antibodies
41
Adenosine MOA
Binds GPCR inc cAMP Activation inward k channel Supression calcium dependant action potential
42
ADP plt inhibitors
NON REVERSIBLE prodrugs Clopidogrel Prasugrel Ticlodipine ALLOSTERIC reversible not prodrug Ticagrelor
43
Furosemide pk
F0.6-0.7 Onset 30-60m vs 5m Duration 6-8h vs 2h 90-100%pb Minimal hepatic metabolism
44
Aspirin pk
F0.68 Vd 0.1-0.2 (inc with acidosis) (11/70kg) Pb 49% 1 -> 0 order kinetics
45
Aspirin pk
F0.68 Vd 0.1-0.2 (inc with acidosis) (11/70kg) Pb 49% 1 -> 0 order kinetics
46
Amlodipine half life
30-50hours
47
Heparin induced electrolyte abnormality
Hyperkalaemia Due to inhibition aldosterone
48
GPIIBIIIA inhibitor
Tirofiban Abciximab

Part 1 Pharmacology (13 decks)

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