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cardio Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

2 basic functions of the cardio vascular sys

A

-transport essential substances in dynamic physiological conditions
-remove metabolic biproducts
others: maintence of fluids, regulate body temp

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2
Q

blood is required for all..

A

body functions and body systems

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3
Q

MAP

A

mean arterial pressure
this is the BP in arteries (tubules leaving the heart)

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4
Q

SVR=

A

systemic vascular resistance

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5
Q

CO=

A

cardiac output

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6
Q

HR=

A

heart rate

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7
Q

SV=

A

stroke volume

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8
Q

4 factors that influence SVR

A

vascular anatomy
vascular factors
tissues factors
neurohumoral factors

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9
Q

HR is influenced by

A

neurohumoral factors

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10
Q

inotropy is influenced by

A

neurohumoral factors

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11
Q

venous compliance is influenced by

A

neurohumoral factors

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12
Q

review chart

A
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13
Q

regulation of BP ensures..

A

blood flow

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14
Q

blood flood maintains..

A

nutrient and oxygen access

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15
Q

all body systems are connected. the upregulation of one causes..

A

an upregulation of all others.

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16
Q

the rate of X utilization changes based on physiological demands

A

ATP

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17
Q

increased activity= increase in X Need= increase in breathing and HR

A

ATP

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18
Q

cardiac output and oxygen consumption have a X relashionship

A

linear

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19
Q

id cardiac output increases, oxygen consumption..

A

increases

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20
Q

there is a major increase in X output during activity

A

cardiac output

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21
Q

when body is active (sympathetic) the blood is targeted to wards X areas, while it is X from non essential areas

A

essential areas
removed from non essential

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22
Q

systole means stiff which is …

A

contraction

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23
Q

diastole means dilatate which is

A

relaxation

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24
Q

CO is the .. (equation)

Study These Flashcards
A

blood pumped per unit of time
(CO= volume/time)

25
HR equaiton
HR= beats/min
26
SV equation
SV= volume/beat
27
heart rate is an intrinsic control mechanism this means..
type of autonomic control. Intrinsic control mechanisms regulate body functions like heart rate or blood pressure through internal processes such as the baroreceptor reflex. These processes **do not require external signals but instead adjust based on internal conditions** heart still beats after dead or outside the body
28
the heart can be desribed as neural and neurohumoralcontrol. def each
neural: Neural control refers to the regulation of body functions through the nervous system, which uses electrical impulses (action potentials) to transmit signals across neurons to specific target tissues, such as muscles or glands. This type of control is typically fast and short-term. neurohumoralcontrol: Neurohumoral control (or neuroendocrine control) involves the interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine (hormonal) system. It refers to the regulation of physiological processes through both neural signals and hormones. In neurohumoral control, neurons release neurotransmitters that can influence the release of hormones from endocrine glands, which then affect various organs.
29
* Preload: * Afterload: * Chronotropy: * Dromotropy: * Inotropy: * Lusitropy:
* Preload: Initial stretch of the heart prior to contraction * Afterload: The force the heart must eject blood against * Chronotropy: Heart rate (frequency of beats) * Dromotropy: Conduction velocity (speed of impulse) * Inotropy: Contractility (how hard the heart contracts) * Lusitropy: Rate of relaxation (how fast the heart relaxes)
30
blood has a X flow
unidirectional
31
arteries go x form heart
arteries = away
32
veins go x heart
towards
33
blood flow | def
volume of blood that travels through a blood vessel
34
# def blood pressure | def
force blood exerted on walls of blood vessels
35
there is a higher pressure on the x side
arterial side
36
does systole or diastole take more time
diastole
37
# def vascular resistance
force that must be overcome to push blood through the circulation
38
in terms of vascular resistance, does a larger dimater tube have higher or lower resistance
larger tube has less resistance
39
vasocontriction
contraction. tube gets smaller
40
, when it vasocontriction increases, resistance ..
increases
41
during vasodilation, resistance ..
decreases
42
increase in resistance causes x in flow
decrease in flow
43
poiseuille's law
R=8Lη/πr4 R=Resistance L=length η=viscosity r=radius 8 and π are constants
44
capillary
small blood vessels that serve as primary site for gas and nutrient exchange between cardio sys and tissues
45
the capillary bed is the
interface between arterial and venous circulation
46
lymph
vessels that drain excess fluid, fats, etc back into circulation
47
more activity in an area causes increase X of capillaries
increase # of capillaries
48
blood flow: blood flows into X X then into the XX goes out of the heart in ot he lungs through the XX goes back into the XX through the XX into the X X then the XX and out to the body through the X
blood flow: blood flows into R atrium then into the R ventricle goes out of the heart in ot he lungs through the pulmonary arteries goes back into the L atrium through the Pulmonary veins into the L ventricle and out to the body through the aorta (cranial or caudal)
49
ventricle pressure is x arterial pressure
below
50
ventricle pumps x% of end-diastolic vol
70%
51
atrium pumps x% of end diastole vol
30%
52
Isovolumetric contraction
Isovolumetric contraction is a phase of the cardiac cycle during which the ventricles contract, but no blood is ejected from the heart. It occurs between the closure of the atrioventricular (AV) valves (mitral and tricuspid) and the opening of the semilunar valves
53
.
54
arteries have x pressure
high
55
veins have x pressure
low
56
systemic circulation: L side of heart pumps..
oxygenated blood
57
pulmonary circualtion: R side of heart pumps ..
deoxygenated blood
58
blood flow: | list the order of blood flow starting at R atrium
Right ventricle → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs → → Pulmonary veins → Left atria → Left ventricle → → Aorta → Systemic arteries → Capillaries → → Systemic veins → Vena cava → Right atria →
59
blood pressure is high when leaving heart. pressure is almost x when back at the vena cava
zero

vbms324 (8 decks)

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