Cardio

Question 1

Warfarin in Dentistry

Answer 1

check INR 72 hours before procedure, proceed if INR < 4.0

Question 2

Death in HOCM

Answer 2

Ventricular Arrhythmyia

Question 3

DRESSLER Syndrome

Answer 3

-POST-MI
-PERICARDITIS
-fever, pleuritic pain and pericardial effusion
-AUTOIMMUNE

Question 4

Persistent ST Elevation following MI, NO CHEST PAIN

Answer 4

LV ANEURYSM

Question 5

ANTICOAGULANTS AFTER STROKE

Answer 5

-TIA: start DOACs immediately
-ischemic stroke: wait for 14 days then start DOACs

Question 6

Amiodarone

Answer 6

-Blocks K CHANNELS
-PROLONGS QT INTERVAL
-HAS VERY LONG HALF LIFE SO GIVEN IN LOADED DOSES

Question 7

LOW BNP IN OBESE PPL

Answer 7

HIGH FAT CONTAINS NEPRILYSIN WHICH DEGRADES VARIOUS PEPTIDES INCLUDING BNP

Question 8

BURGADA SYNDROME

Answer 8

-SCN5A NA CHANNELOPATHY
-CONVEX ST ELEVATION IN V1-3 WITH NEGATIVE T
-PARTAIL RBBB

Question 9

PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION

Answer 9

START ORAL LABETALOL IMMEDIATELY
-NIFEDIPINE IF ASTHMATIC

Question 10

PROSTHETICS ANTICOAGULANTS

Answer 10

-BIOPROSTHETCS = LOW DOSE ASPIRIN….USED IN OLDER PATIENTS
-MECHANICAL = WARFARIN + ASPIRIN ..USED IN YOUNG PATIENTS

Question 11

Adrenaline

Answer 11

-Cardiac Arrest= 1mg : 10,000 IV
-Anaphylaxis= 1:1000 IM

Question 12

ECHO IN AORTIC DISSECTION

Answer 12

IN HEMODYNAMICALLY UNSTABLE

Question 13

HTN

Answer 13

IF UNCONTROLLED ON 3 DRUGS CHECK POTASSIUM LEVELS
-K<4.5 = SPIRONOLACTONE
-K>4.5 = ALPHA OR BETA BLOCKER

Question 14

EBSTEIN ANOMALY

Answer 14

-CYANOTIC
-PATENT FORMAEN OVALE
-ASD
-RBB
-WPW
-EXPOSURE TO LITHIUM IN UTERO

Question 15

ANTICOAGULANTS AFTER CARDIOVERSION IN AF

Answer 15

CONTINUE WARFARIN FOR ATLEAST 4 WEEKS THEN REVIEW

Question 16

Complete Heart Block

Answer 16

AVN Is supplied by posterior interventricular artery which is in majority supplied by RCA

Question 17

Absent Radial Pulse

Answer 17

-AORTIC DISSECTION with subclavian involvement
-Peripheral arterial embolus
-TRAUMA / IATROGENIC

Question 18

Cardiac imaging

Answer 18

Best for CAD: CARDIAC CT WITH CONTRAST TO VISUALIZE THE LUMEN
NORMAL CARDIAC CT CALCULATES CALCIUM SCORE
-MRI IS BEST FOR STRUCTURAL VISUALIZATION

Question 19

HTN IN PREGNANCY

Answer 19

-NORMALLY FALLS IN THE FIRST HALF THEN RISES TO PRE-PREGNANCY LEVELS BEFORE BIRTH

Question 20

ACEi

Answer 20

A - Angioedema
C - Cough (dry; most common side-effect)
E - Elevated potassium (hyperkalaemia)
i - 1st dose hypotension

Question 21

ALS

Answer 21

-BICARB IS GIVEN FOR HYPERKALEMIC ARREST AS IT SHIFTS K INTRACELLULARLY ,REVERSING THE ACIDOSIS
-LIDOCAINE: ONLY IN PULSELESS V TACH OR FIB

Question 22

V TACH

Answer 22

MONOMORPHIC= AMIODARONE Rx
POLYMORPHIC= CAUSED BY QT PROLONGATION CAUSES , MGSo4 Rx

Question 23

Heyde syndrome

Answer 23

-AORTIC STENOSIS
-ANGIODYSPLASIAS
-VON WILLEBRANDS
-Valve replacement

Question 24

DIGOXIN TOXICITY

Answer 24

-ANXIETY
-ACUTE CONFUSION
-HALLUCINATIONS
-YELLOWING OF VISION
-BRADYCARDIA

Question 25

BETA BLOCKERS SHOULD BE USED CAUTIOUSLY WITH AORTIC STENOSIS

Answer 25

DECREASES LEFT VENT. POWER WHICH IS REQUIRED TO OVERCCOME PRESSURE GRADIENT ACROSS THE VALVE

Question 26

Marfan and Aortic root dilatation

Answer 26

-If growing more than 3mm per year then SURGERY CONSIDERED -Rx Is with beta blockers or ARBs

Question 27

Systolic murmur in an IV Drug abuser

Answer 27

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS -Also , staph aureus is gram positive cocci that forms clumps

Question 28

Postural Hypotension in HEART FAILURE PT.

Answer 28

STOP DOXASOZIN THEN IF SYMPTOMS CONTROLLED STOP FUROSEMIDE

Question 29

Passing a magnet over pacemaker-defibrillator

Answer 29

-To turn off the defibrillator in case of malfunction