Cardio Flashcards
(39 cards)
Verapamil side effects
Constipation, hyperprolactinemia, HF issue, heart block
What are the other THZ-like drugs
Indapamide, metolazone, chlorthalidone
If hypercalcuria based stones, which anti BP med can help
THZ
Nephrogenic DI….. which anti HTN med can help
THZ-likes
In severe liver disease… THZ can do what
Worsen or causes encephalopathy
Does spirinolactone cause estrogen or anti estrogen effect
Estrogen, like gynae, test astrophy
Triamterene (K sparing), can causes what side effect
Kidney stones
Why do stones occur more in CAI meds
Because it creates an alkaline urine… making stones form more
Hydralazine side effects
Edema, headache, DILE, reflex tachycardia (give with BB to prevent)
Methyldopa MOA
Alpha 2 agonist. Centrally.
Methyldopa side effects
Depression, dry mouth, lack of libido, parkinsonian, high prolactin, bradycardia and sinus arrest, haemolytic anemia
They have a an antiDA and SNS effect
Minoxidil and diazoxide MOA
K channel activation. Last resort in HTN
Diazoxide also used for hyperglycaemia (insulinoma)
Hirsiusm can also occur…. Minoxidil
First dose hypotension seen in which main anti hTN drugs
Alpha antag, ACEI,
Main Tx for HTN in these settings:
Malig HTN
Stroke
ACS
Pulmonary edema
Eclampsia or preclampsia with severe features
Labetalol/nicar
(II)
Nitrate/labetalol
Nitrate/loop/nitropruss
Labetalol/nicar
Adverse effects of endothelin antagonists
Headache, flushing, low BP, liver tox, teratogenic
Before starting someone on an ARNI for HF… what should we check
Current or prior high BNP
Stable
No angioedema Hx (ACE/aARB thing)
Access to meds
Digoxin tox…. How to manage that
Anti arrythmia pacing
Anti digoxin fab fragment
Make sure K levels ok
(Class 1B anti arrythmia like lidocaine and mexiletine are good as they target worn out myocytes)
Go through the uses of nitrates
Stable angina, for relief or before anticipated pain
IV in unstable angina
Acute HF and pulmonary edema
Chronic HF often with hydralazine in black patients
Ranolazine is our angina last line drug. What’s thr size effects
Constipation, headache, dizzy, nausea, QT longer.
Class 1 anti arrythmia are use dependent. What does this mean?
The sodium Channel on myocytes has three phases (close, open, inactive). Class 1s often block open and inactive… not closed channels.
Which class 1s prolonged the APD and increase risk of long qt/TdeP etc.
1a… 1b shorten it
Which class 1 have a bit of anti Ch side effect
Class 1a
Name the three class 1a’s
Quinidine, disopyramide, procainamide
Quinidine is a class 1A…. And has what side effects
Longer QT/APD.
Cinchonism
Anti Ch (all 1As)
