Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pain Control II > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

(55 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

S1

A

first heart sound

CLOSING of the mitral and tricuspid valves
- hear the mitral more because higher pressure here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

S2

A

second heart sound

CLOSING of the pulmonic and aortic valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

systole

A

contraction of ventricls
so valves that have to be open
- aortic valve and pulmonary valves

atrium relaxes
tricuspid (right side)
mitral (left side) should be CLOSED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

valves that prevent blood from going from atrium to ventricle

A

tricuspid (right side)

mitral (left side)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

S3

A

rapid ventricular filling - seen in CHF - congestive heart failure

will happen in diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

S4

A

atrial contraction

will happen in diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

adventitious sounds

A

S3 - rapid ventricular filling seen in CHF
S4 - atrial contraction
Splitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

splitting sound associated with

A

Pulmonic and aortic valves

aortic valve will close first followed by pulmonic valve

occurs during inhalation - more blood coming in so more blood going out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

AV node does what

A

slows the impulse down

- give time to fill the right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

P wave is

A

depolarization of the atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SA node location

A

atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

QRS complex

A

depolarization of the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T wave

A

repolarization ffor ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

S1 and S2 when

A

systole

S1 dduring QRS complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

S4 occurs before?

A

S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cardiac output =

A

stroke volume X heart rate

tries to maintain so if HR drops , stroke volume tries to increase
vise versa
if stroke volume goes down- heart rate will increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

preload is

A

stretch of cardiac muscle prior to contraction

more blood in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

afterload is

A

the vascular resistance against which the cardiac muscle must contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

take pulse for ___

A

60 seconds if irregular

normal - radial pulse for 15 seconds and can multiply by 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

bruit

A

murmer like over the blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

thrill

A

feel vibration over pulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

carotid pulse when

A

unconscious prob

CPR situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

brachial pulses important with which population

Study These Flashcards
A

kids - pediatric population

and blood pressure cuffs – stethescope over artyer

24
Q

general breakdown of rhythm

Study These Flashcards
A

regular
irregular
regular irregular (may see with a - fib)

25
normal HR
60-100 bpm bradycardia - less than 60 tachycardia - more than 100 bpm
26
how to measure blood pressure
artery occluded | then sounds of turbulent - systolic - see it fluttering then when silence - diasstolic -- flow free and inadiuble
27
common mistakes when taking BP with cuff
cuff or bladder is too small -- false elevated high blood pressure length = 80% of limb's circumference width = to 40% of limbs circumference
28
pulse pressure
systolic - diastolic
29
mean arterial pressure
SBP + 2(DBP) / 3 if BP = 110/80 : MAP = 110 +2(80)/ 3 270/ 3= 90 MAP - better tells you perfusion of organs
30
minimal palpated sytolic pressure at radial femoral and carotis
80 - radial 70 - femoral 60 - carotid
31
heart murmers are? | 6 mechanisms
turbulant flow 1. flow acorss a partial obstruciton (stenotic valve) 2. flow across a valvular or intravascular irregularity without obstruction 3. increased flow through a normal structures 4. flow into a dialted chamber 5. backward or regurgitant flow across an incompetent valve or defect 6. shunting of clood out of a high presusre chamber or artery through an abnromal range
32
why important to know about heart murmers?
in terms of pre-medication patients also when sedating patients -- will valvular conditions drop blood pressure too much
33
failure of the aortic valve to close?
causes back flow of blood into the left ventricle
34
aortic valve ethat is leaky
unable to close tightly - may cause back flow and this would occur during DIASTOLIC - because these should be closed
35
aortic stenosis would occur in
systole -- blood unable to freely flow from left ventricle to the aorta
36
location of aortic valve
right 2nd interspace 2cm
37
location of pulmonic vlave
left 2nd interspace 2cm
38
tricuspid and mitral location | valve locations to listen
tricuspid left lower sternal border 2cm mitral Left interspace 709 cm
39
crescendo and decrescendo
sounds going from lower to higher - late murmer pattern decrescendo - sounds going from higher to lower - early systolic murmer
40
sound classic for aortic stenosis
crescendo- decrescendo
41
plateua
murmer stays same level all the way through | VSD
42
intensity of heart murmers
grade 1-6 1-2 very faint to quiet but heard 3- moderate 4 loud 5 very loud 6 very loud heard w/out stethescope
43
systolic murmers having to do with mitral or tricuspid
these are suppose to be closed in systoly so they would be regugitation murmers
44
mitral valve prolapse occurs
systolic
45
systolic murmers having to do with pulmonic and aortic
these should be open during systol so if hear a murmer in these areas during systol you know these are stenotic
46
ventricular septal defect
plateu - so heard all the way across - hear in systolic
47
diastolic murmers
regugitation in those that should be closed like aortic (aortic regurgitation or pulmonic regurgitation) and stenosis in those valves that shuold be open - like mitral stenosis or tricuspid stenosis
48
pansystolic (holosystolic) murmers
caused by flow from high pressure chaber to low pressure chamber - ventricular septal defect - mitral regurgitation - tricuspid regurgitaiotn
49
diagnostic test for heart murmers
echocardiogram echo (ultrasound) cardiogram (heart ultrasound of the heart provide info about 1. valves of the heart - calcification 2. force of contraction of the heart - ejectioon fraction 3. motion and thickness of the walls of the heart
50
who needs pre medicated
only highest risk patients 1. unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease, including palliative shunts and conduits 2. any repaired CHD with residual shunts or valvular regurgitation at the site of or adjacent to the site of a prosthetic patch or a prosthetic device - which can inhibit endothelization 3. a CHD that is completely repaired with prosthetic material or device, whether placed by surgery or catheter intervention - for the FIRST 6 MONTHS after the repair procedure 4. prosthetic cardiac valves, including transcatheter- implanted prostheses and homographs 5. prosthetic material used for cardiac valve repair, such as annuloplasty rings and chords 6. history of infective endocarditis 7. cardiac transplant with valve regurgitation due to a structurally abnormal valve
51
pre medication regime
amoxillin 2 grams children 50 mg/ kg or if allergic clindamycin 600 mg children 20 mg. kg
52
study results from propylaxis
results showed when stoped got an increase in IE cases so the high risk populaton shoul still pre-medicate
53
cardiomegally
enlarged heart -- may find point of maximum increase may drop further downin anatomy
54
ECG can show you
rate rhythm ischemic changes / hypertrophy
55
apex heart location and sound location
apical pulse left ventricular area - by ribs 4-5

Pain Control II (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions