Cardio, breast, axillae

Question 1

what are the central pulse sites?

Answer 1

carotid
femoral
(brachial for a pediatric patient)

Question 2

if youre able to palpate a radial puse, what is the least systolic number you have?

Answer 2

90

Question 3

if you can only get a carotid, what is their systolic bp probably around?

Answer 3

70

Question 4

under 60 bpm

Answer 4

bradycardia

Question 5

over 100 bpm

Answer 5

tachycardia

Question 6

when the patient is sitting a a 30 degree angle (high fowlers) and you see a vein stick out

Answer 6

Jugular vein distention JVD

Question 7

JVD is usually associated with some type of?

Answer 7

heart failure

Question 8

cramping/sores is sometimes associated with?

Answer 8

blood clot

Question 9

pale
plae lips or blue lips
redness around pacemaker

Answer 9

abnormal skin color

Question 10

HGB and hematocrit (usually linked), anything less then ___ usually qualifies them to get blood products

Answer 10

8

Question 11

body hair distribution on the legs that is lacking can be because of?

Answer 11

artery or vein return problem

Question 12

when patient is runing a temp, they usually also have?

Answer 12

tachycardia

Question 13

left side heart failure is usually associated with ?

Answer 13

lungs

Question 14

right side heart failure is usually associated with?

Answer 14

JVD

Question 15

clubbed fingers or toes could mean?

Answer 15

lack of oxygen or a cardiac issue

Question 16

how do you asses for JVD?

Answer 16

elevate HOB to 45 to 90 degrees
locate sternal notch
visualize internal jugular vein
use flashlight to create shadow that highlight venous pulse
locate highest point where you can see pulsations
measure distance from sternal notch to highest point
DOCUMENT

Question 17

is JVD is detected, what do you do?

Answer 17

expand assessment:
chest pain/pressure
SHOB
pale skin or pallor
bluish lips or fingernails
diaphoretic
difficulty breating/tachpnea
tachycardia
fatigue weakness
change in Level of consciousness

Question 18

where are the five places you’re going to listen to cardiac sounds on the anterior chest?

Answer 18

All Pigs Eat Too Much
Aorta
Pulmonic
Erbs point
Tricuspid
Mitral area/apex

intercostal spaces
2-2
3
4
5

Question 19

what are the valves youre going to assess?

Answer 19

aortic
pulmonic
tricuspid
mitral

Question 20

sound like Ken-TUCK-y

Answer 20

S3 heart sounds

Question 21

can be normal for:
young children
adults under 40
trained athletes

Answer 21

S3 heart sounds

Question 22

what three positions are you going to listen to their heart in?

Answer 22

supine (HOB 30-45 degrees)
Left side lying
sitting up, leaning forward slightly

Question 23

if they are sitting up and leaning forward, you are listening for ?!

Answer 23

HIGH PITCHED MURMUR

Question 24

left lateral recumbent you are listening for?

Answer 24

left side low murmors

Question 25

this position traps air in the hear if they somehow have an air embolis

Answer 25

left lateral recumbent

Question 26

where is the only place bruits are normal to hear at?

Answer 26

fistulas

Question 27

a blowing swishing sound

Answer 27

bruit

Question 28

results from turbulent blood flow in the carotid artery

Answer 28

bruit

Question 29

what side of your stethoscope do you use to assess for carotid bruits?

Answer 29

bell side

Question 30

what does your patient need to do when you're assessing for bruits?

Answer 30

hold their breath

Question 31

is an abnormal vibration that is turbulent blood flow in the vessels

Answer 31

thrill

Question 32

how do you assess for thrills?

Answer 32

palpation

Question 33

ultrasonic vascular device to detect weak pulses

Answer 33

doppler

Question 34

what is the scale for grading pulses?

Answer 34

0 to 4+

Question 35

skin that is dry thigh and shiny, or diaphoretic is?

Answer 35

abnormal

Question 36

absence of body hair can occur with ?

Answer 36

decreased arterial blood flow

Question 37

cyanosis, pallor, or coolness can indicate?

Answer 37

poor cardiac output/perfusion

Question 38

decreased or absent pulses skin cool, pale, shiny, cecreased hair in spots possible pain in legs and feet thick ridged nail toe ulcerations these can indicate?

Answer 38

arterial insufficiency

Question 39

pitting edema pulse present but difficult to find anke ulcerations brown pigmentation

Answer 39

chronic venous insufficiency

Question 40

Answer 40

chronic venous insifficiency

Question 41

Answer 41

arterial insufficiency

Question 42

may indicate heart failure or venous insifficiency

Answer 42

edema

Question 43

may result from varicosities or thrombophlebitis

Answer 43

edema

Question 44

what are the two types of edema?

Answer 44

pitting and non pitting edema

Question 45

is due to fluid coagulation

Answer 45

non pitting edema

Question 46

where skin feels unusually tight and firm, appears shiny

Answer 46

nonpitting edema

Question 47

Answer 47

venous ulcer, results from venous hypertension because blood cannot return happen in lower leg

Question 48

result from progressive atherosclerois or emboli. due to insufficient blood flow to tissue. hairlesness, pale skin, diminished pulses, cool, clammy skin. are found at the distal ends of arterial branches

Answer 48

arterial ulcers

Question 49

Answer 49

arterial ulcers

Question 50

are when capillaries are compressed by thickened tissues and occludes blood flow to skin

Answer 50

lymphatic ulcers

Question 51

occur secondary to lymphedema

Answer 51

lymphatic ulcers

Question 52

Answer 52

lymphatic ulcer

Question 53

after age 40 S3 is correlated with ?

Answer 53

ventricular dysfunction or volume overload

Question 54

is Ten-ne-see

Answer 54

S4

Question 55

indicates increased resistance to filling of the left or right ventricle

Answer 55

S4

Question 56

can be a cuase of a myocardial attack or ischemia

Answer 56

S4

Question 57

scratchy rubbing sound

Answer 57

pericardial friction rub

Question 58

why are antibiotics given for bacterial strep throat?

Answer 58

to prevent pericarditis

Question 59

t/f: pericarditis can be either really loud or really muffled?

Answer 59

true

Question 60

if troponin is high, it can indicate?

Answer 60

a heart attack that is not picked up by EKG

Question 61

abnormal enlargement of male breasts that can be caused by leukemia, alcohol use, and rapid weight gain/loss

Answer 61

gynecomastia

Question 62

painful movable cyst

Answer 62

fibrocystic disease

Question 63

you cant have anything fresh (fruit or flowers) on this diet

Answer 63

neutropenic fever/diet