HEENT

Question 1

what ranges in Hz should you use with a tuning fork?

Answer 1

256-512

Question 2

test places base of fork against the mastoid process and count how long until the patient can’t hear and then is placed .5 to 1 inch from ear canal

Answer 2

rhinne test

Question 3

air should be conducted how many times longer than bone conduction?

Answer 3

2 X

Question 4

air conduction is longer than 2:1 ratio

Answer 4

sensorineural

Question 5

<2:1 ratio indicates?

Answer 5

conduction

Question 6

this test places fork on midline of head or forehead. tests for hearing equality

Answer 6

weber

Question 7

normal hearing hears ___ in weber test

Answer 7

equally

Question 8

sensorineural hears best in ___ ear

Answer 8

normal

Question 9

conduction hears best in ___ ear

Answer 9

imparied

Question 10

Answer 10

acute otitis media

Question 11

Answer 11

perforation

Question 12

Answer 12

otitis media with effusion

Question 13

ability to see smal details

Answer 13

visual acuity

Question 14

For distant vision, use a …

Answer 14

Snellen chart

Question 15

Both eyes move parallel to each other and in six directions.

Answer 15

Extraocular movements

Question 16

Face the patient from 2 ft away and hold out your finger 6 to 12 in. from their eyes. Have them keep their head fixed and facing forward, then direct them to follow your finger using just their eyes. Move your finger slowly and smoothly, left, right, and diagonally up and down to left and right. Watch the parallel eye movement, position of upper eyelid in relation to iris, and for abnormal movements. The upper eyelid should only slightly cover the iris as they move

Answer 16

extraocular movement test

Question 17

is an involuntary, rhythmic oscillation of the eyes

Answer 17

nystagmus

Question 18

caused by local eye injury or damage to cranial nerves of muscles

Answer 18

nystagmus

Question 19

Assessing the patient’s ability to see objects in their periphery

Answer 19

visual fields

Question 20

Have them sit or stand 2 ft. away at eye level and close one eye (left). Have them look at your directly opposite eye. You close your opposite eye. (right). Move your finger equally distant between you and the patient outside the field of vision then bring it back into the field of vision. Pt reports when they can see the finger.

Answer 20

test for visual fields

Question 21

If you see it before them, part of their visual field is reduced

Answer 21

visual fields test

Question 22

is common eye issue in older adults

Answer 22

reduced visual field

Question 23

Inspect Position of the eyes in relation to one another. Should be parallel. Bulging (exophthalmos) indicates ?

Answer 23

hyperthyroidism

Question 24

bulging of eye is called

Answer 24

exophthalmos

Question 25

is crossed eyes, inherited or from neuromuscular injury

Answer 25

strabismus

Question 26

protrusion of the eye indicates?

Answer 26

tumors or inflammation of eye orbit

Question 27

course hair that doesnt go past outer canthus indicates

Answer 27

hypothyroidism

Question 28

lid eyes turn outward

Answer 28

ectropion

Question 29

lid edges turn inward

Answer 29

entropion

Question 30

how many times per minute should you blink?

Answer 30

20 times per minute

Question 31

what does PERRLA stand for?

Answer 31

pupils equal, round, reactive to light, accommodation

Question 32

arcus senilis

Answer 32

white ring around iris

Question 33

arcus senilis is found in ?

Answer 33

those over 40

Question 34

what is normal pupil diameter size?

Answer 34

3 to 7 mm

Question 35

cloudy pupil

Answer 35

cataracts

Question 36

dilated pupil indicates

Answer 36

glaucoma, trauma, neuro disorders, eye meds, opioid withdrawal

Question 37

is a sign of opioid intoxication

Answer 37

pinpoint pupils

Question 38

Answer 38

opthalmoscope

Question 39

sinuses become inflamed and swollen because?

Answer 39

allergies or infection

Question 40

what sinus areas do you palpate?

Answer 40

frontal and maxillary facial areas

Question 41

place a finger on the side of pts’ nose and occlude one nostril. Ask pt to breathe with mouth closed. Repeat for other side. Air should normally pass freely through the nose. what is this assessment?

Answer 41

patency of nares

Question 42

what is normal color of nares?

Answer 42

pink/light red with no lesions or polyps

Question 43

to view the septum ?

Answer 43

tip head back a bit, assess for alignment perforation bleeding. should be thicker on anterior side

Question 44

pale mucosa w/clear discharge indicates?

Answer 44

allergies

Question 45

yellow or green discharge indicates?

Answer 45

infection

Question 46

causes puffiness and increased vascularity of mucosa

Answer 46

habitual nasal cocaine and opioids

Question 47

can inferfere with NG tube placement

Answer 47

deviated septum

Question 48

repeated intransal cocaine use can cause?

Answer 48

perforation of the septum

Question 49

pallor of lips can indicate?

Answer 49

anemia

Question 50

cherry colored lips can indicate?

Answer 50

carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 51

brown/black discoloration of teeth indicates?

Answer 51

caries

Question 52

yellow stains on teeth indicates?

Answer 52

tobacco use

Question 53

brown stains on teeth indicate?

Answer 53

coffee, tea, cola drink staining

Question 54

Heavy smokers or alcoholics may have ___ on their mucosa?

Answer 54

thick white patches (leukoplakia)

Question 55

common site for oral cancer lesions

Answer 55

undersurface of tongue

Question 56

is whitish and dome shaped

Answer 56

hard palate

Question 57

is normal light pinkk, smooth in the mouth

Answer 57

soft palate

Question 58

t/f: a bony growth between the palates is common?

Answer 58

true

Question 59

is small spots of lymphatic tissue or blood vessels normal in the throat ?

Answer 59

yes, that is normal

Question 60

yellow or green exudate indicates?

Answer 60

infection

Question 61

Ask pt to flex neck with chin to chest, hyperextend neck backward, and move head laterally to each side, then sideways with ear moving toward shoulder. This tests the ______ and _____ muscles

Answer 61

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Question 62

what is lymphadenopathy?

Answer 62

enlarged lympth nodes

Question 63

are lymph nodes normally visible?

Answer 63

no theyre not

Question 64

the trachea is part of what system?

Answer 64

upper respiratory system

Question 65

Where is the trachea located?

Answer 65

midline superior to suprasternal notch

Question 66

having a patient swallow can help visualize ....

Answer 66

an enlarged thyroid

Question 67

is the thyroid gland normally able to be visualized?

Answer 67

no

Question 68

when does the anterior fontanel close on an infant?

Answer 68

18 months

Question 69

when does the posterior fontanel close on an infant?

Answer 69

8 weeks

Question 70

when can babies begin to gze at and follow bright objects?

Answer 70

1 month

Question 71

bulging of fontanels in infant could mean?

Answer 71

excess CSF

Question 72

sunken fontanels can indicate ?

Answer 72

dehydration

Question 73

epicanthal folds are seen in ?

Answer 73

infants with genetic disorders Asian people

Question 74

what is presbycusis?

Answer 74

gradual hearing loss is common with age

Question 75

how do you palpate the TMJ space?

Answer 75

fingers just anterior to the tragus of the ear

Question 76

what are you palpating the skull for?

Answer 76

nodules or masses

Question 77

where should prominences on the skull be?

Answer 77

frontal and occipital areas

Question 78

what are normal findings with symmetry?

Answer 78

should have overall symmetry with slight asymetry of features

Question 79

what can a head tilt to one side indicate?

Answer 79

hearing loss, visial loss, muscle weakness

Question 80

what can horizontal jerking or bobbing of the head indicate?

Answer 80

tremor

Question 81

if feature is asymmetrical, what can this indicate?

Answer 81

neurological disorder

Question 82

what can infants with large heads indicate?

Answer 82

congential abnormalities or buildup of CSF

Question 83

enlarged jaws and facial bones may indicate?

Answer 83

acromegaly

Question 84

clicking, grating, or snapping of the TMJ possibly indicates?

Answer 84

degenerative joint disease

Question 85

What should the upper point of the ear be even with?

Answer 85

outer canthus of eye

Question 86

what color should the ears be?

Answer 86

same as face

Question 87

yellow earwax normal?

Answer 87

yes

Question 88

low set ears or unusual angles may indicate?

Answer 88

chromosomal abnormalities

Question 89

increased pain of the external ear may indicate?

Answer 89

external ear infection

Question 90

what should you do if pain is present around ear?

Answer 90

pull auricle, press tragus, palpate behind ear and on mastoid process

Question 91

what color should the tympanic membrane be?

Answer 91

translucen, shiny pearl grey

Question 92

interruption of the sound waves traveling through the ear in the outer and middle ear structures. can be caused by swelling or tears in tympanic membrane

Answer 92

conduction

Question 93

involves the inner ear, auditory nerve, or hearing center of the brain, with transmission of sound interrupted after the point of the bony ossicles

Answer 93

sensorineural

Question 94

is a combination of both conduction and sensorineural hearing impairment

Answer 94

mixed

Question 95

is whitish and dome shaped

Answer 95

hard palate