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Cardiopulm Boards > Cardio Meds > Flashcards

Cardio Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Cardura (doxazosin), Minipress (prazosin), Hytrin (terazosin)

A

Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist Agents

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2
Q

Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist Indications and PT implications

A

Indications: HTN, benign prostatic hyperplasia

PT implications: Orthostatic HTN, monitor during exercise

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3
Q

Capoten (cantopril), Vasotec (enalapril), Privinil (lisinopril), Altace (ramipril)

A

ACE Inhibitor Agents

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4
Q

Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist Agent action

A

Reduce vascular tone => vasodilation by blocking alpha-1-adrenergic receptors

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5
Q

ACE Inhibitor Actions

A

Suppress ACE to decrease BP/afterload

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6
Q

ACE Inhibitor Indications and PT Implications

A

Indications: HTN, CHF

PT Implications: watch for hypotension

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7
Q

ACE Inhibitor stand-out side effects

A

Hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia (think Renin-Ang-Ald system)

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8
Q

Sodium Channel blockers: Quindine (generic sodium channel blocker), Xylocaine (lidocaine); Beta Blockers: Tenormin (atenolol); Prolonged Repolarization: Cordarone (amiodarone); Calcium Channel Blockers: Cardizem (diltiazem)

A

Classes and examples of Antiarrhythmic Agents

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9
Q

Action of Sodium Channel Blockers (Class I Anti-arryth)

A

Control cardiac excitation/conduction

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10
Q

Action of Beta Blockers (Class II Anti-arrth)

A

Inhibit beta-adrenergic receptors to inhibit sympathetic activity (controls HR)

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11
Q

Action of Prolonged Repolarization (Class III Anti-arrth)

A

Inhibit potassium AND sodium channels- the MOST EFFECTIVE antiarrhythmic agent**

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12
Q

Action of Calcium Channel Blockers (Class IV Anti-arrth)

A

Depress depolarization/slow conduction through AV Node

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13
Q

Antiarrhythmic Agent PT Implications

A

Educate pts to adhere to dosing schedule/immediately report any adverse effects to MD

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14
Q

ACE Inhibitor Indications

A

HTN, CHF

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15
Q

Heparin, Coumadin (warfarin), Lovenox (enoxaparin)

A

Anticoagulent Agents- inhibit platelet aggregation

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16
Q

Lipitor (atorvastatin), Zocor (simvastatin), Tricor (fenofibrate)

A

Antihyperlipidemia Agents

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17
Q

Action of Antihyperlipidemia Agents

A

Statins: inhibit enzyme action in cholesterol synthesis, break down LDL, decrease triglyceride levels, and increase HDL

18
Q

Antihyperlipidemia Agent PT Implications

A

Aerobic exercise maximizes effects of statins

19
Q

Bayer (aspirin), Plavix (clopidogrel), Persantine (dipyridamole)

A

Antithrombotic Agents- potential liver toxicity with aspirin**

20
Q

Antitrhombotic/Antiplatelet Actions

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation/thrombus formation

21
Q

Tenormin (atenolol), Lopressor (metoprolol), Inderal (propanolol)

A

Beta Blockers

22
Q

Beta Blocker Action

A

Blocks b-andrenergic receptors to decrease heart O2 demand by decreased HR and contractility

23
Q

Beta Blocker inidcations

A

HTN, Arrhythmias, Angina, heart failure, migranes, essential tremor

24
Q

Beta Blocker stand-out side effects

A

Depression, weakness, blurred vision

25
Q

Beta Blocker PT Implications

A

HR/BP response to exercise will be inacurate- use RPE

26
Q

Norvasc (amlodipine), Procardia (nifedipine), Calan (verpamil), Cardizem (diltiazem)

A

Calcium Channel Blockers

27
Q

Calcium Channel Blocker Actions

A

Decreases calcium’s entry into smooth muscle cells to decrease heart contractility, vasodilate vessels, and dec O2 demand of the heart

28
Q

Calcium Channel Blocker Indications

A

HTN, CHF, angina pectoris, arrhtymias

29
Q

Thiazide: Diuril (chlorothiazide), Loop: Lasix (furosemide); Potassium sparing: Dyrenium (triamterene)

A

3 classifications and examples of Diuretics

30
Q

Diuretic Indications

A

HTN, Edema (from heart failure), pulmonary edema, glaucoma

31
Q

Diuretic stand-out side effects

A

Electrolyte imbalance, increased LDL

32
Q

Diuretic PT Implications

A

Be wary of position changes d/t hypotension, look for signs of electorlyte imbalance

33
Q

Nitrostat (nitroglycerin), Isordil ( isosorbide dinitrate), Amyl Nitrate Solution for inhalation

A

Nitrates

34
Q

Nitrate Action

A

Decreases ischemia through smooth muscle relaxation/vessel vasodilation

35
Q

Nitrate PT Implications

A

Sublingual administration is best for an acute angina attack

Minimize risk of orthostatic HTN

36
Q

Lanoxin (digoxin)

A

Positive Inotropic Agent

37
Q

Positive Inotropic Agents

A

Increase the force/velocity heart contraction, slow HR, dec AV node conduction velocity, decrease degree of activation of sympathetic NS

38
Q

Positive Inotropic Agent Indications

A

Heart failure, A-fib

39
Q

Positive Inotropic PT Implications

A

Monitor HR during activity, teach pt/family to take pulse and report to MD if HR <60 bpm or >100 bpm

40
Q

Kinlytic (urokinase), Activase (alteplase)

A

Thrombolytic Agents

41
Q

Thrombolytic Agent Action

A

Disolve clots

Cardiopulm Boards (24 decks)

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