Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Vet Sci > Cardio & Resp > Flashcards

Cardio & Resp Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Parietal Pleura

A

Thicker part fo the pleura that lines the thoracic cavity and medistinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Visceral pleura

A

Delicate inner layer that lines the outer surface of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diaphragm

A

Moves up and down to get air into the lungs. Primary muscle of resperation, voluntary striated skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Phenic nerve

A

Motor nerves to the diaphragm causing it to contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intra pleural space

A

Vacuum/negative pressure. The lungs can’t inflate without negative pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bronchial tree

A

Gets air into and out of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aveolar sacs

A

Tiny sacs at the end of the bronchials. responsible for gas exchange & regulates pH of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Air

A

O2 + glucose–> ATP + energy + Co2 + H2O. O2- 21%, Co2- 400ppm, Nitrogen- 79%, Helium-5.2ppm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tidal volume

A

How many cc of air are you breathing per insperation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Respiratory alcholosis

A

Response to hyperventalation. Co2 goes down, O2 goes up, H2Co3 goes down pH goes up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Respiratory acidosis

A

Co2 up H2Co3 up pH down potassium up HR down–> cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

5 etiologies that cause repiratory acidosis

A

1) Pneumothorax- Air intra pleural space
2) Hemothorax- Blood intra pleural space
3) Pyothorax- pus
4) Chylothorax- Chyle
5) Hydrothorax- Fluid, mesothelioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pneumonia

A

Foreign liquid material in the aveolar sacs like pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pulmonary Contusions

A

Bruise on the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Emphysema

A

Smoke breaks down the yellow elastic tissue in the body, the alveolar sacs loose their elasticity and makes it hard to get Co2 out of lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Water moving out of the bloodstream and into the aveolar sacs. Cats are predisposed to getting pulmonary edema, always triple check IV drip rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Heaves

A

Common term used for horses due to dust build up in barns. Another word for emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pericardial sac

A

Surrounds the heart and reduces friction on the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Medial septum

A

Divides the left and right sides of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Vena Cava

A

Largest vein in the body. Superior carries blood from head, neck, arms, and chest. Inferior carries blood from the legs feet and organs in the abdomen and pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Heart valves

A

The right AV (atrioventricular)/tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, the left AV (atrioventricular)/bicuspid/mitral valve, aortic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Iliac vein

A

Carrys blood from the legs to the vena cava high in Co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Renal vein

A

Carrys blood from the kidneys to the vena cava high in Co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hepatic vein

A

Carrys blood from the liver to the vena cava high in Co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Pulmonary veins
The one exception in the body that has O2 in the blood being carried to the heart
24
Systemic circulation
Blood that is oxygenated that will go to the body
25
Layers of the Heart
Epicardium- reduces friction, thin, outside myocardium Myocardium- Pumps blood, smooth red muscle Endocardium/endothelium- prevents blood clots, inside heart
26
Trace RBC
Vena cava--> Right atrium--> Right AV--> Right Ventricle--> Pulmonary valve--> pulmonary artery--> lungs (gas exchange)--> Pulmonary veins--> left atrium--> left AV--> Left ventricle--> Aortic valve--> Aorta--> body
27
Diastole
Filling the chambers of the heart with blood
28
Systole
The heart contracts and sends the blood out to the body
29
Heart sounds
Lub- Closing of the right and left AV valves, Dub- closing of the pulmonary and aortic valves
30
Cardiac output
How much blood pumped from the left ventricle out to body in 1 min
31
Cholinergic nerves
Release acetylcholine, parasympathetic
32
Adrenergic nerves
Release Epinephrine, sympathetic
33
Endocrine Hormones
Epinephrine, cortisol, thyroxine, glucagon. Fight or flight sympathetic NS all cause HR, BP, and cardiac output to elevate
34
Pacemaker system
Sinoatrial (SA) node, Atrial ventricular node (AV), Bundle of HIS, Purkinje system
35
Patient ductus arteriosus (PDA)
The ductus arteriousus connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in a fetal heart. Primary symptom is pulmonary edema
36
Pulmonary Stenosis
Sidtal to the pomonary valve, right side fo the heart will enlarge. Primary symptoms are enlarged heart and asides.
37
Ventricular septal defect
Opening in the medial septum in the heart, entire heart will enlarge.
38
AV insufficiency
Valves start to shrink, 10+ years old, mitral valves usually. Diuretic, low sodium diet, drugs to lower BP, Digoxin (digitalis plant)
39
Vegetative endocarditis
Bacteria attaches to the mitral valves and they wall off as a deffence.
40
Cardiomyopathy
Scar tissue replaces muscle, auto-immune disease, poor prognosis. Diuretic, low sodium, low BP drugs, digoxin
41
Cardiac tamponade
Something wrong with the paricardial sac, like blood leaking into it usually due to hemangiosarcoma
42
Atherosclerosis
Myocardial infarction (heart attach) Un likely in animals
43
Cardiac compensation
Tachycardia, hypertrophy myocardium, dilatation of chamber
44
Cardiac emergency
Heart stops pumping blood. Cardiac arrest- EKG will show flat line, massage heart give drugs Cardiac Fibrilation- EKG will show wild waves, heart muscles are contracting at different times, needs defibrillator
45
Capillary
Bridge between arteriole and venule
46
Artery Vs. Vein
1) Location-- Artery (Deep) Vein (superficial) 2) Valves-- Artery (no due to BP) Vein (yes) 3) BP-- Artery (120/80mm/Hg) Vein (3/0mm/Hg) 4) Wall thickness-- Artery (thick) Vein (Thin)
47
Shock
Venus/capillary pooling of blood
48
Hypovolemic shock
Low volume of blood
49
Signs of shock
Pale MM, Tachycardia, BP drops, body temp drops
50
Treatment of shock
IV cath and warm fluids, NaHCO3 in fluids, +/- corteco steroids IV, +/- stop bleeding, +/- blood transfusion
51
Diffusion
Movement of gas or solute from high to low concentration
52
Gas exchange
Diffusion of O2 and Co2
53
Eupnea
Normal resperation
54
Diaphragmatic hernia
Tear in the diphragm
55
Na, K, H2Co3
Sodium, potassium, carbonic acid
56
Atelectasis
Partial or complete collapse of the lung
57
Hyperkalemia
Excess potassium in the blodstream
58
Hypercapnia/hypercabia
elevated Co2
59
Chylomicron
Dietary fat particles
60
Thoracic duct
Stores the chylomicrons
61
Vascular
Blood vessels
62
Verminous embolism
worms in the lungs
63
Septic embolism
Bacteria that abstructs a blood vessel
64
Hemangiosarcoma
Connective tissue tumor, blood vessel tumor
65
Aneurism
Artery wall starts to thin and bulge
66
Metabolic acidosis
Low pH in the bloodstream happens in all types of shock

Vet Sci (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions