Cardiology

Question 0

Which type of SVT has a slow and fast pathway?

Answer 0

AVNRT

Question 1

Which type of SVT is WPW?

Answer 1

AVRT

Question 2

What are two causes of prominent v waves in venous pulsations?

Answer 2

Severe tricuspid regurge

Poor ventricular compliance

Question 3

How do you determine a retrograde p wave on EKG?

Answer 3

Negative p wave in lead II

Positive p wave in aVR

Question 4

What is most common location of start of atrial flutter?

Answer 4

Tricuspid annulus/valve

Question 5

When should you consider mitral valve repair in primary MR?

Answer 5

Class C 2- LVEF 40mm

Question 6

What genetic condition presents with:
Craniosynostosis
Aortic disease/aneurysm
Features similar to Marfans
Brigid uvula or cleft palate

Answer 6

Loeys-Dietz syndrome

Question 7

What structure differentiates a Type A front Type B thoracic aortic aneurysm?

Answer 7

Left subclavian artery

Question 8

What is main treatment of aortic atheroma?

Answer 8

Statin

+/- antiplatelet or warfarin is h/o CVA

Question 9

When should AAA be repaired?

Answer 9

> 5.5 cm or if growing >0.5 cm/yr

Question 10

When should thoracic aortic aneurysm be repaired in Marfans patient?

Answer 10

> 5 cm or >4 cm if woman planning on pregnancy

Question 11

When should thoracic aortic aneurysm be repaired in a patient with Loeys-Dietz syndrome?

Answer 11

~4.5 cm

Question 12

What type of stent should be avoided in CAD associated with previous chest irradiation?

Answer 12

Bare metal - 80% restenosis rate

Question 13

Which cancers are most likely associated with pericarditis?

Answer 13

Lymphoma
Leukemia
Breast
Lung

Question 14

What is anti-inflammatory agent is 1st choice for acute pericarditis in setting of MI?

Answer 14

Aspirin - NSAIDs associated with increased myo fibrosis

Question 15

What endocrine disorder should be tested for if new pericardial effusion?

Answer 15

Hypothyroidism

Question 16

What condition is likely present if echo shows diastolic collapse of right atrial or ventricular wall?

Answer 16

Cardiac tamponade

Question 17

What ABI is associated with severe PAD?

Question 18

What is the cause of an ABI of > 1.4?

Answer 18

Severely calcified vessels and an uninterpretable result

Question 19

What decrease in ABI during exercise testing is associated with diagnosis of PAD?

Answer 19

20% reduction

Question 20

What location is open repair over endovascular repair for PAD?

Answer 20

Deep/common femoral artery

Question 21

What enzyme replacement is done for Fabry’s disease causing restrictive cardiomyopathy?

Answer 21

Alpha galactosidase A replacement

Question 22

Where is the location of most cardiac myxomas?

Answer 22

Left atrium

Question 23

What heart defect is associated with Holt Oram syndrome?

Answer 23

ASD

Question 24

What structure in the heart are sinus venosis ASDs located near?

Answer 24

SVC

Question 25

What congenital heart defect is associated with fixed split S2, JVD, parasternal impulse and systolic flow murmur at left intercostal space?

Answer 25

ASD

Question 26

What other congenital heart lesion is associated with sinus venosis ASDs?

Answer 26

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage

Question 27

What pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp:Qs) requires closure of VSD?

Answer 27

>2 | Or h/o endocarditis