Cardiology Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is 1st degree HB?
Lengthening of PR interval >200ms (5 small sq)
Treatment for 1st degree HB?
Does not req treatment
Causes of 1st degree HB
Increased fitness
Inferior MI
Electrolyte disturbance
Normal variant
Types of 2nd degree HB?
Mobitz 1 (wencheback) Mobitz 2
What is Mobitz 1?
Gradual prolongation of PR interval until QRS is dropped
PR interval is longest before dropped beat and shortest after
Causes of mobitz 1 (wenchebach)
Drugs: b-blockers, amiodarone, CCB, digoxin
Increased vagal tone (athletes)
Inferior MI
How do we treat mobitz 1 (wenchebach)?
Usually benign - low risk of progress to CHB
In asymptomatic patient no treatment needed
Symptomatic pts tend to respond to atropine
What is Mobitz II?
Randomly dropped QRS
No progressive prolongation of PR int
P waves constant
Aortic regurg features?
Early diastolic murmur
Loudest in expiration and leaning forward
Mitral stenosis features?
Mid systolic murmur
Loudest in expiration and LL position
Aortic stenosis sound and radiation??
Ejection systolic
Radiates to carotids
Mitral regurg sound and radiation?
Pan-systolic
Radiates to axilla
When do we offer anti-hypertensive treatment for HTN?
Persistent stage 2 (160/100). Before this, lifestyle changes
Offer to those with stage 1 with evidence of end-organ damage
Adult with HTN and T2D, what HTN med?
ACEi/ARB
add CCB/thiazide
<55 white, what HTN med?
ACEi/ARB
add CCB/thiazide
> 55 white what HTN med?
CCB
add ACE/ARB/thiazide
any age african/caribbean, what HTN med?
CCB
Add ACE/ARB/Thiazide
Investigating PE
1) Hx
2) exam
3) CXR
4) Wells score “likely” do a CTPA, “unlikely” do D-dimer
If there is delay with CTPA, begin LMWH
Treatment after PE?
Give LMWH
Begin Warfarin with 24h
Continue warfarin for 3m if provoked
Beyond 3m if unprovoked
What can a broad complex tachycardia be?
SVT or VT
in periarrest situ, assume it is VT
How do we treat VT?
Amiodarone
lidocaine
if there are adverse signs (hypotensive, chest pain, HF, syncope), or these fail:
DC cardioversion
