Cardiology (new book) Flashcards
What frame rate is needed for echocardiography?
At least 15Hz (images/second) but >25 is preferable
What depth is needed to echo and adult horses heart?
25-30cm
What is this view?
Right-parasternal long-axis 4-chamber view centered on the left ventricle
What is this view?
Right-parasternal short-axis view of the LV at the level of the chordae tendineae (arrowheads).
What is this view?
Right-parasternal short-axis view at the level of the aortic valve.
What is this view?
Right-parasternal long-axis view of
the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT).
What is this view? and what is shown by the white arrow.
Right-parasternal long-axis view of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). and a cross-section through the right coronary artery (arrow) can be visualised.
What is this view?
Left-parasternal long-axis view of the LVOT.
What is this view?
Left- parasternal long-axis view of the RVOT.
Which side of the hear is les suitable for measurements?
Objective quantification of the right atrial (RA) and RV dimensions is difficult because the geometrical shape of the right heart is complex and the internal dimensions of the RA and RV cavity largely depend on transducer placement and imaging plane [24]. Subjective assessment of the right heart chambers in multiple image planes is, therefore, important.
Normal pressure gradients drive blood flow through heart, valves, and large vessels at speeds ranging from?
0.25 to 1.5 meters per second (m/s)
What is proximal flow convergence?
It is characterised by acceleration of blood flow leading to aliasing (sudden colour change from yellow to blue).
What is shown in this image?
Differential diagnoses for hyperechoic myocardium include ischemia, infarction, myocarditis, infiltration, amyloidosis, and fibrosis.
