Cardiology (Peds)

Question 1

MC acyanotic lesions: VSD, ASD, PDA,

Coarctation of Aorta, Aortic stenosis, Pulmonary stenosis

Answer 1

MC symptom of acyanotic defects: CHF

L –> R (late cyanosis; present @ 2-6 mos old; “Left Late”)

Question 2

MC cyanotic lesions:

Tetrology of fallot, Transposition of great arteries

Answer 2

MC symptom: Hypoxia

R –> L (R.i.g.h.t. E.a.r.l.y; blue babies)

Question 3

Abnormalities on exam:

Answer 3

UE BP > LE BP; decreased femoral pulses;

Facial edema, Hepatomegaly

Question 4

CHD Presentation - infants:

Answer 4

Infants: Shock, Tachypnea, Cyanosis, Feeding difficulty, Sweating while eating, Easy fatigue

Question 5

CHD Presentation - kids:

Answer 5

Dyspnea on exertion; SOB; Failure to thrive

Question 6

CHD: best initial test, most accurate

Answer 6

best initial: CXR, EKG

most accurate: Echocardiography

Question 7

Hypertension:

routine BP checks begin @ 3yo in all 4 extremities

Answer 7

defined: BP > 95 percentile based on normograms

- always work up for secondary causes in children

Question 8

Hypertension: Tx

Answer 8

Obese: Lifestyle changes, exercise, no salt, monitor BP
No response? Diuretic or BB
No response? CCB and ACEI