Infectious Disease

Question 1

Meningitis: testing

Answer 1

1) Assess for signs of increased ICP (irritability, lethargy)
2) Signs of increased ICP: vancomycin + ceftriaxone
3: No signs of ICP: LP then vancomycin + ceftriaxone

Question 2

Meningitis: MC viral causes

Answer 2

pediatric population: Arbovirus, Enterovirus

adult population: herpes simplex virus

Question 3

Meningitis: MC bacterial causes

Answer 3

Newborn: Group B
1 mo - 2 yrs: S. Pneumo or N. Meningitis
2 yrs - 18 yrs: N. Meningitis
18+: S. Pneumonia

Question 4

Meningitis: initial empiric treatment

Answer 4

Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone (or Cefotaxime)

Question 5

Meningitis TX: S. Pneumoniae

Answer 5

Penicillin or Ceftriaxone (3rd gen) x 10-14 days

Question 6

Meningitis TX: N. Meningitidis

Answer 6

Penicillin x 5-7 days

Question 7

Meningitis TX: HiB

Answer 7

Ampicillin x 7-10 days + IV dexamethasone

Question 8

Meningitis TX: Pretreated and no organism defined

Answer 8

Ceftriaxone (3rd gen) x 7-10 days

Question 9

Meningitis TX: Gram-negative (E.coli)

Answer 9

Ceftriaxone (3rd gen) x 3 weeks

Question 10

Meningitis: Tuberculosis

Answer 10

CSF: increased protein, decreased glucose, lymphocytes
Tx: 12 months
Non-infectious: 3 negative sputum spears x 3 occasions