Cardiomyopathies

Question 1

What is the main etiology of restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

amyloidosis

Question 2

What other heart disease presents exactly the same as dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 2

Systolic heart failure

Question 3

What is the gold standard for diagnosis of infectious dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

endomyocardial biopsy

Question 4

What are the two types of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 4

1. obstructive

2. non-obstructive

Question 5

Which cardiovascular disease DO NOT cause dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 5

1. CAD
2. valvular disease
3. hypertension

Question 6

Stress cardiomyopathy AKA

Answer 6

takotsubo cardiomyopathy
apical ballooning syndrome
broken heart syndrome

Question 7

does the harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy become louder or softer with valslva and standing

Answer 7

increases

Question 8

What is the treatment of choice for dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

take away offending agent

Question 9

Would you want to do a stress test with someone who has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

What is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young persons

Answer 10

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 11

What other heart disease can restrictive cardiomyopathy resemble?

Answer 11

constrictive pericarditits

Question 12

What type of dysfunction is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 12

diastolic

Question 13

What are non-medication treatment options for dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 13

implanted cardioverter defibrillator

cardiac transplantation

Question 14

What does Stress cardiomyopathy look like on EKG?

Answer 14

ST segment elevation, deep anterior T wave inversion

Question 15

What is the first line treatment for restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 15

treat underlying cause + low-dose loop diuretics

Question 16

Which illicit drug is related to dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 16

cocaine

Question 17

What is the most common cause of infectious dilated cardiomyopathy (which is myocarditis secondary to infectious cause)

Answer 17

viral

Question 18

What is the most definitive (but not always definitive) diagnostic test for dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 18

echo

Question 19

What is the most common etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 19

idiopathic

Question 20

What does Stress cardiomyopathy look like on an echo?

Answer 20

decreased ejection fraction

Question 21

What other heart disease does Stress cardiomyopathy present like?

Answer 21

acute coronary syndrome (like an MI)

Question 22

In restrictive cardiomyopathy, what sided heart failure does the sxs usually resemble

Answer 22

right

edema, JVD, ascities

Question 23

What is the definitive diagnostic test for cardiac amyloidosis (*restrictive cardiomyopathy )

What is another pretty good diagnostic test you should do but isn’t definitive

Answer 23

endomyocardial biopsy

echo— normal ejection fraction, abnormal filling

Question 24

What is the difference in troponin levels between Stress cardiomyopathy and acute coronary syndrome (like an MI)

Answer 24

present, but much lower than an MI

Question 25

What type of dysfuntion is dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 25

systolic dysfunction

Question 26

What type of dysfunction is restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 26

diastolic dysfunction

Question 27

scarring and consequent loss of the normal elasticity of the pericardial sac leading to impaired ventricular filling is which cardiomyopathy

Answer 27

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 28

Which is the least common cardiomyopathy

Answer 28

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 29

transient LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction in the ansence of attributable coronary artery disease:

Answer 29

Stress cardiomyopathy

Question 30

What is the most common type of cardiomyopathy

Answer 30

dilated

Question 31

What is the drug of choice for dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 31

ACE inhibitor

Question 32

Which heart sound (sound not a murmur) can be heard with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 32

S4

Question 33

What can you hear when auscultating the heart with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 33

harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur

Question 34

What kind of murmur can be heard with dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 34

mitral/tricuspid regurgitation murmur

Question 35

What is the mainstay diagnostic exam for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 35

echo

Question 36

You see a patient with periorbital purpura with heart failrue. What do you know

Answer 36

The patient has cardiac amyloidosis because periorbital purpura with heart failure is pathognomonic *restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 37

What treatment is available for a patient that has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and is at high risk for sudden cardiac death or has sustained ventricular tachyarrythmias

Answer 37

implanted cardioverter defibrillator

Question 38

When is surgery for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy indicated?

Answer 38

symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOT) with advanced CHF refractory to medical therapy

Question 39

does the harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy become louder or softer with squatting and isometric handgrip

Answer 39

dereases

Question 40

what medication can be used for a lot of cardiomyopathies but is contraindicated in amyloid restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 40

calcium channel blockers

Question 41

Which is the only cardiomyopathy to have an abrupt onset

Answer 41

Stress cardiomyopathy

Question 42

What other medication can be used if beta blockers are not working for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 42

non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers

Question 43

What is the first line treatment for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 43

beta blockers

Question 44

What is the treatment for Stress cardiomyopathy

Answer 44

send to cath lab, no blockage will be found Asprin, beta blockers, ACE-I until LV recovery if there is a thrombus, add warfarin for 3 months

Question 45

Which chemotherapy drugs can cause chemo-therapy induced dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 45

anthracyclines: adriamycin (Doxarubicin)

Question 46

What is Kussmauls sign

Answer 46

increase in JVP with inspiration (jugular venous pressure) restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 47

Which cardiomyopathy is associated with right and left atrial enlargement

Answer 47

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 48

What storage diseases can lead to restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 48

hemochromatosis | glycogen storage disease

Question 49

ACE inhibitors are the first line medication for dilated cardiomyopathy, what are other options?

Answer 49

1. diuretics 2. beta blockers 3. digooxin 4. amiodarone if afib 5. anticoagulation

Question 50

Which murmur is possible to hear with restrictive cardiomyopathy but not always

Answer 50

mitral regurgitation/ tricuspid regurgitation murmur

Question 51

What is the main etiology for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 51

familial