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Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) > Hypertension MEDS ONLY > Flashcards

Hypertension MEDS ONLY Flashcards

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1
Q

Which two of the “big four” classes cannot be given to pregnant women

A

ACE, ARB

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2
Q

Direct Renin Inhibitors MOA

A

inhibit enzyme activity of renin, reducing angiotensin I, II and aldosterone

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3
Q

Which class of diuretic should NOT be combined with ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or Direct Renin Inhibitors

A

Potassium Sparing —> Triamterene (Dyrenium)

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4
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia) is what type of HTN med

A

non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

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5
Q

If someone has diabetes, CKD, heart failure, or is post MI, what class of HTN meds should be considered?

A

ACE Inhibitors

Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Quinipril (Accupril)
Enalapril (Vasotec)

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6
Q

ACE inhibitors: HYPER or HYPOkalemia?

A

hyperkalemia

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7
Q

I know a med is a beta blocker because it ends in “-____”

A

“-olol”

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8
Q

Veramipil (Calan) is what type of HTN med

A

non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

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9
Q

Prazosin (Minipress) is what type of HTN med

A

Alpha Blocker

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10
Q

I know a med is a dihydropyridine type calcium channel blocker because it ends in “-____”

A

“-dipine”

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11
Q

Direct Renin Inhibitors: HYPER or HYPOkalemia?

A

Hyperkalemia

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12
Q

ARB: HYPER or HYPOkalemia?

A

hyperkalemia

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13
Q

Other than pregnancy, what are the other two contraindications for BOTH ACE inhibitors AND ARBs

A

angioedema

renal artery stenosis

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14
Q

If your patient has CKD, which med should you start with?

A

ACE inhibitor

ARB

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15
Q

Furosemide (Lasix) is what kid of HTN med

A

Loop-Type Diuretic

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16
Q

Prazosin (Minipress) is what type of HTN med

A

Alpha Blocker

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17
Q

What is the MOA of ACE inhibitors

A

inhibitis RAAS

stimulates Bradykinin

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18
Q

Which HTN med has the side effect of hemolytic anemia

A

Methyldopa

Central Alpha Agonist

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19
Q

I know a med is an Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) because it ends in “-____”

A

“-sartan”

Losartan
Valsartan
Olmesartan
Telmisartan
Candesartan
Irbesartan
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20
Q

Beta Blocker MOA

A

blocks the activity of catecholamines and B adrenoreceptors decreased cardiac output, decreased PVR, decreased renin activity

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21
Q

Calcium Channel channel Blocker MOA

A

inhibits Ca2+ influx into arterial smooth muscle, which decreases vascular resistance

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22
Q

Which type of Diuretic has the side effect of gynecomastia

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A

Aldosterone Antagonists —> Spironolactone (Aldactone)

23
Q

Central Alpha Agonist MOA

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A

stimulates a2 adrenergic receptors in the brain which reduces CNS sympathetic output

24
Q

Which HTN med class should never be given as monotherapy

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A

alpha blockers

Doxazosin (Cardura)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Prazosin (Minipress)

25
What are the contraindications for calcium channel blockers?
cardiac dysfunction | arrhythmias, heart blocks, sick sinus syndrome, left ventricular dysfunction
26
Which two Diuretic classes cause HYPOkalemia? | Which two Diuretic classes cause HYPERkalemia?
HYPO = Thiazide type Diuretics --> HCTZ Loop Type Diuretics --> Furosemide (Lasix) HYPER = Potassium-Sparing --> Triamterene (Dyrenium) Aldosterone Agonists -> Spironolactone (Aldactone)
27
Which class of HTN med is good for BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)
Alpha Blockers Doxazosin (Cardura) Terazosin (Hytrin) Prazosin (Minipress)
28
Which HTN med has side effects of Bradycardia, peripheral edema, constipation, dizziness, and nausea
Calcium channel blockers
29
Which two meds of the "big 4" can you never give together
ACE inhibitor and ARB
30
What is the main major contraindication for dihydropyridine ("-dipine" ) meds?
acute MI
31
A patient comes in complaining of a dry cough that happens in fits. You look at their list of meds and go "oh well that makes sense". What class of HTN med did you see?
ACE Inhibitors Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) Quinipril (Accupril) Enalapril (Vasotec)
32
What is the MOA of Diuretics
inhibits sodium reabsorption in the nephron, reduces plasma volume (water follows salt)
33
Which class of HTN meds are *especially* effective in the black population
calcium channel blockers
34
Aliskiren (Tekturna) is what type of HTN med
Direct Renin Inhibitors
35
What type of people cannot take Direct Renin Inhibitors ?
Diabetics Pregnant People People who are also on ACE inhibitors or ARBs
36
Which class of HTN meds would you NOT give to someone with asthma? Why?
Beta blockers "-olol" side effect = bronchospasm
37
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) MOA
inhibits RAAS
38
If your patient is black, which med should you start with?
Thiazide-type diuretics | Calcium channel blockers
39
I know a drug is an ACE inhibitor because it has the ending "-______"
"-pril" Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) Quinipril (Accupril) Enalapril (Vasotec)
40
Which HTN med class has the side effect or orthostatic hypotension
alpha blockers Doxazosin (Cardura) Terazosin (Hytrin) Prazosin (Minipress) (and colnidine (catapres), a central alpha agonist)
41
Which HTN med has the side effects of depression, headaches, sexual dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension, and bradyarrhythmia
Clonidine (Catapres) Central Alpha Agonist
42
Which Central Alpha Agonist is good for pregnant women
Methyldopa
43
Alpha blockers MOA
targets a1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle, decreases vascular resistance
44
Which type of calcium channel blockers work as cardiac depressants
non-dihydropyridine Veramipil (Calan) Diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia)
45
Clonidine (Catapres) is what type of HTN med?
Central Alpha Agonist
46
Which type of calcium channel blockers work as vasodilators
dihydropyridine "-dipine"
47
Which HTN meds have the side effect of renal impairment and hypersensitivity
Direct Renin Inhibitors --> Aliskiren (Tekturna)
48
Terazosin (Hytrin) is what type of HTN med
Alpha Blocker
49
Which two non-big 4 med classes are specifically good for women who are pregnant
1. beta blockers | 2. central alpha agonists
50
Which diuretics have the side effect of erectile dysfunction
Thyazide-type Diuretics --> HCTZ
51
Which two HTN meds can you never stop abruptly
1. beta blockers | 2. central alpha agonists
52
Which two HTN medications are contraindicated for people with SULFA drug hypersensitivities
Thiazide type Diuretics --> HCTZ | Loop Type Diuretics --> Furosemide (Lasix)
53
Which HTN med has a side effect of hyperuricemia (gout)
Thyazide-Type Diuretic

Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) (10 decks)

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