cardiomyopathy

Question 1

what is the most common type of cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

dilated

Question 2

Who is dilated cardiomyopathy most common in

Answer 2

males
(Black higher than white)

Question 3

What systemic immune mediated disease can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

Sarcoidosis

Question 4

Which 2 reasons are the most common causes for dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 4

genetic
peripartum

Question 5

What is dilated cardiomyopathy characterized by

Answer 5

ventricular enlargement
No associated hypertrophy
reduced contractility

Question 6

How do you determine stroke volume

Answer 6

EDV- ESV

Question 7

When will symptoms occur in those with dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 7

CO falls

Question 8

What disease will dilated cardiomyopathy mimic / lead to

Answer 8

HF
-fluid overload
-decreased perfusion

Question 9

What is PND

Answer 9

SOB that awakens the patient from sleep that is relieved from sitting up

Question 10

What will be seen on exam with left sided heart failure

Answer 10

Rales
Wheezes
S3 / S4 heart sound
regurge

Question 11

What will be seen on exam with right sided HF

Answer 11

Peripheral edema
RUQ pain
Anorexia
Bloating / weight gain
fatigue

Question 12

What will be seen on a CXR for CHF

Answer 12

Cardiomegaly
Cephalization
hilar fullness
plural effusion

Question 13

What is first line treatment for heart failure

Answer 13

Beta blocker an ACE

Question 14

If the heart failure is refractory, what treatment should be added

Answer 14

aldosterone antagonist
**Add ARNi in place of ACEi

Question 15

What is the #1 cause of sudden cardiac death in young

Answer 15

HOCM

Question 16

When does HOCM generally present

Answer 16

males in there 20s

Question 17

What is the most common cause of LVH

Answer 17

HTN

Question 18

How is HOCM characterized

Answer 18

myocyte disarray
LVH (asymmetrical septal thickening)
Impaired diastolic function
LV outflow obstruction

Question 19

What is the most common symptom of HOCM

Answer 19

Dyspnea

Question 20

What is the presentation of HOCM

Answer 20

Angina w/o CAD
Syncope
orthostatic hypotension
arrhythmias
Dyspnea

Question 21

What physical exam abnormalities are associated with HOCM

Answer 21

Systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur at left lower sternal border

Mitral regurge

Bifid carotid pulse

Question 22

How is mitral regurge in HOCM effected by valsalva and squatting

Answer 22

Improved with squatting
worse with valsalva & standing

Question 23

What EKG findings are seen with HOCM

Answer 23

Q waves
ST depression or inversion

Question 24

What is the treatment for HOCM

Answer 24

Avoid strenuous exercise (SCD risk)
Avoid diuretics (worsens LVOO)

Verapamil if needed

Question 25

If HOCM is refractory how do you treat

Answer 25

Septal myectomy ETOH ablation

Question 26

What is an SCD prevention for younger people

Answer 26

ICD

Question 27

What is the most common cause of Restrictive myopathy

Answer 27

Amyloidosis (infiltrative)

Question 28

What is restrictive cardiomyopathy characterized by

Answer 28

Atrial enlargement Ventricle stiffness MINIMAL ventricular hypertrophy impaired diastolic function

Question 29

What is the best diagnostic test for restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 29

Biopsy *Congo red for amyloidosis

Question 30

What will be seen on CXR with restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 30

normal heart size pulmonary congestion

Question 31

What is the treatment for restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 31

target underlying cause salt restriction diuretics PRN for fluid overload