EKG continued Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the different types of ST depression
downsloping
upsloping
horizontal
If an upscoping ST depression with peaked T wave in V1-V3 is seen on an ECG, what is the likely diagnosis
Proximal LAD occlusion
What type of ST depression is most concerning for ischemia
horizontal depression
What is a J wave
Short deflection following a downscoping R wave (fishhook appearance)
What are J waves useful for
to differentiate between benign early repolarization vs. STEMI
When are J waves seen on an ECG
Benign early repolarization
hypothermia
hypercalcemia
brugada syndrome
Which leads is it normal to see T wave inversion in
V1, V2, lead 3
If there is a T wave inversion in aVL only, what are you concerned for
inferior MI
How big does a T wave inversion have to be, to be concerning
> 1mm
What are the ddx for t wave inversion
LVH strain
Increased ICP
PE
BBB
Ischemia
What is a hyper acute T wave
Tall broad base with asymmetric peak
**Can fit QRS in hyperacute T wave
When are hyper acute T waves seen
vasospasm
early STEMI
What is a biphasic T wave
Initial positive deflection followed by a downward deflection (could also go in reverse order)
When are biphasic T waves seen
ischemia
hyperkalemia
When are flat T waves seen
Ischemia
hypokalemia
What are peaked T waves
Tall, narrow base, relatively symmetrical peak
> 10mm in height
What are the ddx for peaked T waves
hyperkalemia
hypermagnesemia
Ischemia
Which leads should you NEVER see a T wave
V1-V3
What are the criteria for a pathologic T wave
> .04 sec
2mm depth
or
25% QRS
What are some causes of pathologic Q waves
MI (old or new)
PE
LBBB
LVH
What is the criteria for low voltage QRS
Voltage of leads I, 2, 3 = <15mm
OR
V1+V2+V3 = <30mm
What are some ddx of low voltage qrs
pericardial effusion
obesity
COPD
HF
What are some causes of shortened QT-I
Hyperkalemia
hypermagnesemia
digoxin toxicity
Which leads do you right and left atrial enlargement in
2 and V1
