Cardiopulmonary Flashcards
(74 cards)
1
Q
% of total lung volume - ERV
A
15
2
Q
% of total lung volume - IRV
A
50
3
Q
% of total lung volume - FRC
A
40
4
Q
% of total lung volume - VC
A
75
5
Q
% of total lung volume - RV
A
25
6
Q
% of total lung volume - IC
A
60
7
Q
% of total lung volume - TV
A
10
8
Q
% of total lung volume - TLC
A
100
9
Q
Average tidal volume
A
500 mL
10
Q
Normal Cardiac Output at Rest
A
4.5-5L
11
Q
Normal BP
A
<120/80
12
Q
PreHTN
A
120-139/80-89
13
Q
HTN 1
A
140-159/90-99
14
Q
HTN 2
A
> 160/100
15
Q
Normal blood pH
A
7.4 (7.35-7.45)
16
Q
Normal PaCO2
A
40 mm Hg (35-45)
17
Q
Normal PaO2
A
97 mm Hg (80-100)
18
Q
Normal SaO2
A
95-98%
19
Q
Anginal Pain Scale - 1
A
Mild, barely noticeable
20
Q
Anginal Pain Scale - 2
A
Moderate, bothersome
21
Q
Anginal Pain Scale - 4
A
Most severe or intense pain ever
22
Q
ABI >1.30
A
Rigid arteries, need to check for PAD
23
Q
ABI 1-1.30
A
Normal
24
Q
ABI 0.8-0.99
A
Mild blockage, beginnings of PAD
25
ABI 0.4-0.79
Mod blockage, may have intermittent claudication pain with exercise
26
ABI
Severe blockage, severe PAD, may have claudication pain at rest
27
Location to auscultate Aortic area
2nd IC space, right sternal border
28
Location to auscultate pulmonic area
2nd IC space, left sternal border
29
Location to auscultate mitral area
5th IC space, medial to midclavicular line on left side of chest
30
Location to auscultate tricuspid area
4th IC space, left sternal border
31
Normal HR - infant
100-130 bpm
32
Normal HR - child
80-100 bpm
33
Normal HR - adult
60-100 bpm
34
Pulse - 3+
Large or bounding
35
Pulse - 2+
Normal
36
Pulse - 1
Small or reduced
37
Pulse - 0
Absent
38
FEV1/FVC indicative of obstructive impairment
<70%
39
Normal FEV1
83%
40
Normal FEV1/FVC
>80%
41
Anginal Pain Scale - 3
Moderately severe, very uncomfortable
42
S1 heart sound
"Lub"
| Closure of AV valves at onset of ventricular systole
43
S2 heart sound
"Dub"
| Closure of semilunar valves at onset of ventricular diastole
44
S3
"Ventricular gallop"
Abnormal in adults - HF
Normal in children
Vibration of distended ventricle during rapid filling during diastole
45
S4 heart sound
"Atrial gallop"
Abnormal - HTN, stenosis, heart disease
Vibration of ventricular wall during ventricular filling and atrial contraction
46
1st* Heart Block
PR interval > 0.2 sec
No major issues
May be med driven (digitalis, beta blockers, Ca2+ channel blockers)
47
2nd* heart block
Intermittent failure of conductance between atria and ventricles
Mobitz I - PR interval lengthens until impulse not conducted (generally not an issue)
Mobitz II - PR same and normal (may lower CO, may progress to 3rd* heart block)
48
3rd* heart block
All impulses at AV node blocked
Atria and ventricles paced independently
Emergency, requires pacemaker
49
Lung percussion sounds - flat or dull
Similar to sound elicited by percussing thigh mm.
| In the upper lung, suggests neoplasm, atelectasis or consolidation of the lung
50
Lung percussion sounds - resonance
Normal lung
51
Lung percussion sounds - hyperresonance
Intermediate between resonance and tympany
| Suggests emphysema or pneumothorax
52
Lung percussion sounds - tympany
Hollow sound
| Suggests large pneumothorax
53
Pulse measurement - time to measure for regular rhythm
15 seconds
54
Pulse measurement - time to measure for irregular rhythm
60 seconds
55
Palpating dorsalis pedis pulse
Between 1st and 2nd MT bones
56
Rate Pressure Product
SBP * HR
| Can be useful for those with stable angina in determining exercise rx - keep below RPP eliciting angina
57
Waist circumference - CVD, DM risk cutoff score
>102 cm/40" for men
>88 cm/35" for women
When exceeding these values, risk level one category higher than individual's BMI indicates
58
CPR compression rate
At least 100/min
59
CPR compression depth - adults
At least 2"
60
CPR compression depth - children
At least 1/3 A/P depth
61
CPR compression depth - infants
At least 1/3 A/P depth
62
CPR Compression to ventilation ration - adults
30:2
63
CPR Compression to ventilation ration - children and infants
30: 2 if one rescuer
15: 2 if two rescuers
64
CPR ventilation with advanced airway
1 breath every 6-8 sec, 8-10 every minute
65
ECG - P wave signifies what?
Atrial depolarization
66
ECG - PR interval
Time for atrial depol to conduct from SA to AV node
| 0.12-0.20 seconds
67
ECG - QRS complex
Ventricular depol, atrial repol
| Normal duration 0.06-0.10 sec
68
ECG - QT interval
Time for ventricular depol and repol
| Normal 0.20-0.40 sec
69
ECG - ST segment
Isoelectric period following QRS when ventricles depol'ed
70
T wave
Ventricular repolarization
71
Waist to hip ratio
```
Measurement:
-> Hip circumference at widest of
buttocks
-> Waist circumference over
abdomen at narrowest diameter –
iliac crest costal margin
>0.90 for men = obese
>0.85 for women = obese
```
72
Healthy body fat %
12-18% for males
| 18-23% for females
73
Muscle atrophy in older adults
Sarcopenia
| Type 2 affected more than type 1
74
Acute MI and ECG changes
Acute myocardial infarction is associated with either ST elevation or ST depression
