Misc Neuro

Question 1

Ashworth Level 0

Answer 1

No increase in tone

Question 2

Ashworth Level 1

Answer 2

Slight increase at end of ROM

Question 3

Ashworth Level 1+

Answer 3

Slight increase through less than half ROM

Question 4

Ashworth Level 2

Answer 4

More marked increase through most of ROM

Question 5

Ashworth Level 3

Answer 5

Considerable increase in tone, passive movement difficult

Question 6

Ashworth Level 4

Answer 6

Affected part rigid in flexion or extension

Question 7

ACA Stroke

Answer 7

ACA supplies anterior 2/3 of medial cortex

Occlusions produce:
Contralateral sensory loss & hemiparesis (leg>arm)

Question 8

MCA Stroke

Answer 8

MCA supplies lateral cerebral cortex, BG, large amount of internal capsule

Occlusions produce:
Contralateral sensory loss (arm>leg)
Contralateral hemiparesis (arm>leg)
Motor speech dysfunction (Broca’s)
Perceptual dysfunction (parietal sensory associating cortex)
Homonymous hemianopsia (optic radiation, internal capsule)
Loss of conjugate gaze to opposite side (frontal eye fields)
Sensory ataxia (parietal lobe)

Question 9

VBA sroke

Answer 9

Brainstem signs and posterior cerebral artery signs.

-Locked-in syndrome- (Basilar a occlusion at pons)

Patient unable to move or speak but has full cognitive function

Question 10

Brunnstrom Stage 1

Answer 10

Initial flaccidity, no voluntary movement

Question 11

Brunnstrom Stage 2

Answer 11

Emergence of spasticity, hyperreflexia, synergies

Question 12

Brunnstrom Stage 3

Answer 12

Voluntary movements possible but only in synergies, strong spasticity

Question 13

Brunnstrom Stage 4

Answer 13

Voluntary control in isolated joint movements emerging, corresponding decline of spasticity and synergies.

Question 14

Brunnstrom Stage 5

Answer 14

Increasing voluntary control out-of-synergy; coordination deficits present

Question 15

Brunnstrom Stage 6

Answer 15

Control and coordination near normal

Question 16

Reflex grade zero

Answer 16

No response (abnormal finding)

Question 17

Reflex grade 1+

Answer 17

Diminished (may or may not be normal)

Question 18

Reflex grade 2+

Answer 18

Normal

Question 19

Reflex grade 3+

Answer 19

Exaggerated (may or may not be normal)

Question 20

Reflex grade 4+

Answer 20

Hyperactive (abnormal finding)

Question 21

Positive babinski

Answer 21

Extension and spreading of the toes (flexion is normal)

Question 22

Biceps tendon reflex nerve root

Answer 22

C5 (and C6)

Question 23

Bradiorachialis tendon reflex nerve root

Answer 23

C6 (and C5)

Question 24

Triceps tendon reflex nerve root

Answer 24

C7 (and C6)

Question 25

Patellar tendon reflex nerve root

Answer 25

L4 (and L3)

Question 26

Achilles tendon reflex nerve root

Answer 26

S1 (and S2)

Question 27

Right hemisphere CVA

Answer 27

1. Weakness, paralysis on left side,
2. Decreased attention span,
3. Left hemianopsia (type of decreased vision),
4. Decreased awareness/judgement,
5. Memory deficits,
6. Left inattention,
7. Decreased abstract reasoning,
8. Emotional lability,
9. Impulsive behaviors,
10. Decreased spacial orientation

Question 28

Left hemisphere CVA

Answer 28

1. Weakness, paralysis on right side,
2. Increased frustration,
3. Decreased processing,
4. Possible aphasia,
5. Possible dysphagia,
6. Possible motor apraxia,
7. Creased discrimination between right and left,
8. Right hemianopsia