Cardiorespiratory Adaptation

Question 1

Best way to evaluate cardio respiratory capacity is through a __________

Answer 1

VO2 max test (Lab)

• Measures how much O2 is used by the body
  – ml/O2/kg/min
• Does NOT measure sport performance

Question 2

If adaptations are occurring, VO2 max will rise, this will lead to:
– _____________ and ______________

Answer 2

Increased oxygen transport, oxygen utilization by the muscles

Question 3

Fick Equation (O2 used): ________________

Answer 3

VO2 = SV x HR x a-vO2 difference

Question 4

Why does aerobic performance improve with training? (identify 6 specific training adaptations in your answer)

Answer 4

• Aerobic performance improves with training b/c of a combination of cardiovascular, respiratory, and others (muscle, metabolic, psychological) factors that adapt over time. Some of those being…
  1. Increased blood volume(Cardiovascular)
• 2. ## Pulmonary Ventilation(respiratory)
  3. Cappilarization
• 4. Lactate threshold(metabolic)
• 5. Heart size
• 6. -

Also important note:
– Maximal Oxygen Consumption (VO2 max)
– Increases with training

Cardiovascular adaptations
1. Blood volume
2. Capillarization
3. Heart size
4. Stroke volume
5. Heart rate
6. Cardiac output

Respiratory adaptations
1. Pulmonary Ventilation

muscle adaptations:
1. muscular endurance:
- Increased capillarization
* Easier access to blood
- Increased mitochondria
- increased myoglobin
- Increased oxidative enzymes

Metabolic adaptations
1. Lactate Threshold – Increases
* Improved “buffering” capacity by the liver
– Cori Cycle enzymes increase
* And, as aerobic system becomes more efficient, it can remain the predominant energy system longer, which means less lactate at low – moderate intensities

Psychological:
- motivation

Question 5

Explain 6 factors (ie. 3 CV, 1 Resp, 2 other) that a naturally gifted aerobic athlete may have that pre- disposes them to doing well in aerobic activities

Answer 5

6 factors that a naturally gifted aerobic athlete could have that may help them bee pre disposed to doing well in aerobic activities are:
3 CV
-
-
-
1 resp
-
2 other
- genetics, gender, age, or training program