Cardiovascula

Question 1

Atrioventricular (AV) valves

Answer 1

Tricuspid
Mitral

Question 2

Semilunar valves

Answer 2

Aortic
Pulmonary

Question 3

In S1 which valves are open?

Answer 3

Seimilunar valves
(Aortic/pulmonic valves)

Question 4

In S2 which valves are open

Answer 4

AV valves
( mitral/tricuspid valves)

Question 5

S3 sounds like________ and is a sign of

Answer 5

“Ken-tuck-y”

Increased fluid state

Question 6

S4 sounds like ________” and is an indication of

Answer 6

“Ten-ne-ssee”

Stiff ventricular wall
(Ex. MI, LV hypertrophy, chronic HTN)

Question 7

A barely audible murmur is classified as a

Answer 7

1/6

Question 8

Loudest murmur murmur is classified as

Answer 8

6/6

Question 9

Loud murmur associated with a THRILL is classified as

Answer 9

4/6

Question 10

Moderately loud and easily heard murmur

Answer 10

3/6

Question 11

A murmur in the 5th ICS (APEX) is a

Answer 11

Mitral

Question 12

2nd or 3rd ICS murmur =Base =

Answer 12

Aortic

Question 13

Diastolic Murmur acronym

Answer 13

MITRAL
STENOSIS
AORTIC
REGURGITAION
DIASTOLIC

Question 14

Systolic Murmur acronym

Answer 14

MITRAL
REGURGITATION
AORTIC
STENOSIS
SYSTOLIC

Question 15

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction has an EF of

Answer 15

EF < 40%

Question 16

Heart failure with mildly improved ejection fraction has an EF of

Answer 16

<40 and now >40

Question 17

Heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction has an EF of

Answer 17

EF 41%-49%

Question 18

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction has an EF (diastolic) of

Answer 18

LVEF > 50%

Question 19

S/s of left heart failure

Answer 19

SoB
S3 gallop
Frothy cough

Question 20

S/s of Right heart failure

Answer 20

JVD
Hepatomegaly
Splenomegaly
Dependent edema

Question 21

NY Heart failure functional classifications

Answer 21

Class 1- no limitation with activity
Class 2- slight limitation, comfortable @ rest
Class 3- Marked limitation, comfortable @ rest
Class 4- severe limitation with activity

Question 22

Diagnostic test for heart failure

Answer 22

Echocardiogram

Question 23

What medications are FIRST CHOICE treatments for ALL Classes of HF?

Answer 23

Diuretics

Question 24

HFrEf next line treatment agents

Answer 24

Ace inhibitors “pril”
ARBS “sartan”

SGLT2: “flozin”

Question 25

HFpEf next line treatment agents

Answer 25

SGLT2 ARBs ARNI MRA

Question 26

Most common cardiomyopathy

Answer 26

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 27

Lest common cardiomyopathy

Answer 27

Restrictive cardiomyopathy Scarring and stiffening

Question 28

3 drug combo for most patients with HF

Answer 28

Diuretic Ace or Arb Beta blocker

Question 30

Normal BP

Answer 30

SBP <120 DBP < 80

Question 31

Stage 1 HTN parameters

Answer 31

SBP- 130-139 DBP- 80-89

Question 32

Stage 2 HTN

Answer 32

SBP >140 or DBP >90

Question 33

AV nicking is seen in the

Answer 33

Eyes of people with diabetes

Question 34

African American HTN management

Answer 34

Thiazide diuretic CCB

Question 35

Standard of care for diabetics with HTN is to treat them with an

Answer 35

ACEI or ARB

Question 36

Standard of care for CKD with HTN is to treat them with an

Answer 36

ACEI

Question 37

Patient is on either and ACEI OR AN ARB which electrolyte should we be watching ?

Answer 37

Potassium

Question 38

Hypertensive urgency BP & treatment

Answer 38

180/110 Clonidine (Catapres)

Question 39

Hypertensive emergency BP & treatment

Answer 39

180/120 ICU admission with nicardepine drip

Question 40

Centrally acting agonist medication used to treat HTN urgency

Answer 40

Clonidine(catopres)

Question 41

Total cholesterol should be

Answer 41

<200

Question 43

LDL should be

Answer 43

<100

Question 44

HDL should be

Answer 44

> 60

Question 45

Starting statins you should watch for what labs

Answer 45

LFTs

Question 48

First line treatment for the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy

Answer 48

Labetalol and nifedipine