Common Problems Flashcards
Pain < 6 mo
Acute pain
Pain > 6 mo.
Chronic main
6th vital sign
Walking/gait speed
Cutaneous pain
Localized to skin or surface of body
Visceral pain
Internal organ pain (PUD, Gallbladder)
Somatic pain
Not localized- pain in muscle, bone, nerves, blood vessels and supporting tissue
Step 1 of WHO ladder meds
ASA
ACETAMINOPHEN
NSAIDs
ADJUVANTS
Step 2 of WHO Ladder meds
Step 1 +
Codeine
Hydrocodone
Oxycodone
Dihydricodeine
Tramadol
+ adjuvant
Step 3 of WHO Ladder
Morphine
Hydromorphone
Methadone
Levorphanol
Fentanyl
Oxycodone
+ non opioid analgesic
+ adjuvant
What should be used for break though cancer pain
Fentanyl patches for sustained release
Metastatic bone pain management includes
Biphosphonates ( inhibit bone transcription by reducing osteoclast apoptosis and therefore prevents development of cancer induced bone lesions)
Skin intact with erythema that does not blanch
Stage 1 pressure injury
Partial thickness loss with exposed dermis
Stage 2 pressure ulcer
Full thickness skin loss with adipose tissue visible.
Stage 3 pressure injury
Full thickness skin and tissue loss. Exposed fascia, muscle, tendon, ligaments or bone
Stage 4 pressure injury
What type of dressing for pressure injuries
Hydrocolloid dressing
What 3 labs have values of 3.5-5
Albumin
Potassium
Phosphorus
Worst possible outcome of pressure ulcer
Death
Worst complication of pressure ulcer
Osteomyelitis
Fever definition
Body temp > 37 C
Causes of fever
- Bacterial, viral, rickettsia, fungal or parasitic infections
- Autoimmune dx
- CNS disease
- Malignant neoplasticism dx
- Hematologic dx
- CV disease
- GI dx ( IBD, alcohol hepatitis)
- Endocrine dx
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Increase in antipsychotic meds or decrease in dopaminergic meds can lead to
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Succylcholine - relaxes laryngeal muscles for intubation can cause
- high fevers
- contraindicated in Hyperkalemia
Treatment for fever
Fluids
Antipyretics
Treat underlying cause
