Cardiovascular Flashcards
(28 cards)
What does the cardiovascular system consist of?
Heart, blood vessels, and blood.
What is the function of the pericardium?
Covers the heart and large blood vessels attached to the heart.
Name the four chambers of the heart.
Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle.
What separates the atria and ventricles?
Atrioventricular septum.
What does the tricuspid valve do?
Prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium.
What does the bicuspid (mitral) valve do?
Prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium.
What are the semilunar valves?
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves.
Describe the flow of blood through the heart.
Body → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → body.
What is the cardiac cycle?
One complete heartbeat including atrial and ventricular contraction and relaxation.
What causes the ‘lubb’ heart sound?
Tricuspid and bicuspid valves snapping shut when ventricles contract.
What causes the ‘dubb’ heart sound?
Pulmonary and aortic valves snapping shut when atria contract.
What is the function of the SA node?
Generates electrical impulses; acts as the natural pacemaker.
What are the Purkinje fibers?
Fibers that cause the ventricles to contract on the lateral walls
What are arteries?
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
What helps move blood in veins?
Skeletal muscle contractions and valves.
What are capillaries?
Small blood vessels where oxygen and nutrients pass into body cells.
What is systolic pressure?
Pressure in arteries when ventricles contract.
What is diastolic pressure?
Pressure in arteries when ventricles relax.
What does diastole and systole mean?
Diastole = relaxes
Systole = contract
What does the AV node do?
Causes atria to contract and send the impulse to the bundle of His
Bundle of HIS
Between the 2 ventricles and has two branches
Cardiac conduction system path
SA -> AV -> Bundle of His -> Purkinje fibres
Why is there a 0.4 second delay?
So ventricles can fill with blood
What does myocardium mean?
Heart muscle, it sets its own beat
