Skeletal System Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the five main functions of the skeletal system?
Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell formation (hematopoiesis).
What is the thorax?
Part of the axial skeleton including the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae; protects the heart and lungs.
What is found in the medullary cavity of a long bone?
Yellow bone marrow (fat storage).
What bones make up the pectoral girdle?
Clavicle (anterior) and scapula (posterior).
How many bones are in one upper limb?
30 bones.
What are the three regions of the upper limb?
Arm (humerus), forearm (radius and ulna), wrist/hand (carpals, metacarpals, phalanges).
Which bones form the forearm?
Radius (lateral side) and ulna (medial side).
What are the bones of the wrist called?
Carpals.
What bones form the fingers?
Phalanges.
What bones form the palm of the hand?
Metacarpals.
What bones make up the pelvic girdle?
Two hip bones (coxal bones).
What does the pelvic girdle connect to the axial skeleton?
The lower limbs.
Why are lower limb bones thicker and stronger than upper limb bones?
They must support the weight of the entire body and forces from movement.
What are the main bones of the lower limb?
Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges.
What is the largest and strongest bone in the body?
Femur.
What is the patella?
The kneecap; a sesamoid bone embedded in tendons.
What bone forms the shin?
Tibia.
Which bone is smaller and lateral in the lower leg?
Fibula.
What bones make up the ankle?
Tarsals.
What bones form the arch of the foot?
Metatarsals.
What bones form the toes?
Phalanges.
What type of bone tissue is dense and forms the outer layer of bones?
Compact bone.
What type of bone tissue is porous and found at the ends of bones?
Spongy bone.
Where does blood cell production occur in bones?
In the red bone marrow.
