Cardiovascular

Question 1

condition that develops when a substance called plaque builds up in the walls of the arteries

Answer 1

atherosclerosis

Question 2

Plaque is a buildup of….

Answer 2

buildup ofcholesterol, whiteblood cells,calcium, and other substances in the walls ofarteries

Question 3

Plaques are covered by

Answer 3

Fibrous caps

Question 4

ISECHEMIC HEART DISEASE

Answer 4

also called coronary heart disease

Question 5

a condition in which theheartbecomes enlarged and cannot pump blood efficiently

Answer 5

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

Question 6

progressive cardiac enlargement andhypertrophy, is a process called…

Answer 6

Remodeling

Question 7

the result of damage to the myocardiumproduced by a variety oftoxic,metabolic, or infectious agents. It may be due to fibrous change of the myocardium from a previousmyocardial infarction.

Answer 7

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

Question 8

where there’s an abnormality in the wall (septum) between the main chambers of the heart.

Answer 8

Septal Defects

Question 9

2 kinds of septal defects

Answer 9

Atrial Septal Defect

Ventricular Septal Defect

Question 10

where the main large artery (Aorta) of the body, is narrower than normal.

Answer 10

Coarctation of the Aorta

Question 11

controls the flow of blood out of the lower right chamber of the heart (right ventricle) to the lungs

Answer 11

the pulmonary valve

Question 12

the pulmonary valve is narrower than normal .

Answer 12

Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

Question 13

where the pulmonary artery (lung artery) and main body artery (the aorta) are “swapped over” and are connected to the wrong pumping chamber.

Answer 13

Transposition of the great arteries

Question 14

a type of ultrasound test that uses high-pitched sound waves that are sent through a device called a transducer.

Answer 14

Echocardiogram

Question 15

a test that uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to make pictures of organs and structures inside the body.

Answer 15

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Question 16

a test that measures the heart’s electrical activity

Answer 16

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 17

used to check whether there’s an excess amount of blood in the lungs, or whether the heart is larger than normal.

Answer 17

Chest X-ray

Question 18

is a test that measures the amount of oxygen present in the blood.

Answer 18

Pulse Oximetry

Question 19

occurs when fatty deposits (plaques) clog the blood vessels that deliver blood to your brain and head.

Answer 19

Carotid Artery Disease

Question 20

Diseases that affect the cardiovascular system

Answer 20

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Question 21

Treatment for Transposition of the Great Artery

Answer 21

surgical technique called arterial switch is used

Question 22

Treatment for Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

Answer 22

valvuloplasty

Question 23

are a pair of blood vessels located on both sides of your neck that deliver blood to your brain and head.

Answer 23

The carotid arteries

Question 24

occur due to problems with the blood supply to the brain

Answer 24

Strokes

Question 25

the most common form of stroke

Answer 25

Ischemic strokes

Question 26

They are caused by the arteries that connect to the brain becoming blocked or narrowed, resulting in ischemia - severely reduced blood flow.

Answer 26

Ischemic strokes

Question 27

are caused by arteries in the brain either leaking blood or bursting open.

Answer 27

Hemorrhagic strokes

Question 28

Blood vessels can burst or spill blood in the middle of the brain or near the surface of the brain, sending blood into the space between the brain and the skull.

Answer 28

Hemorrhagic strokes

Question 29

the flow of blood to the brain is only disrupted temporarily for a short time.

Answer 29

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Question 30

They serve as warning signs for future strokes and indicate that there is a partially blocked artery or clot source in the heart.

Answer 30

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Question 31

How to diagnose a stroke

Answer 31

Face drooping Arm weakness Speech difficulty Time

Question 32

involves a surgeon opening the carotid artery and removing any plaque that might be blocking it.

Answer 32

carotid endarterectomy

Question 33

involves a surgeon inflating a small balloon in a narrowed artery via catheter and then inserting a stent

Answer 33

Angioplasty

Question 34

an inherited disorder that affects connective tissue — the fibers that support and anchor your organs and other structures in your body.

Answer 34

Marfan syndrome

Question 35

are usually tall and thin with disproportionately long arms, legs, fingers and toes.

Answer 35

People with Marfan syndrome

Question 36

Complications of Marfan Syndrome

Answer 36

Aortic enlargement

Question 37

A tear or rupture between layers of the aortic wall is

Answer 37

aortic dissection

Question 38

are medicines that help your heart beat slower and with less force.

Answer 38

Beta blockers

Question 39

man-made tube

Answer 39

Graft

Question 40

For this surgery, part of the aorta and the aortic valve are removed. The aorta is replaced with a man-made tube

Answer 40

composite valve graft

Question 41

For this surgery, your doctor replaces the enlarged part of your aorta with a graft. Your aortic valve is left in place

Answer 41

Aortic valve-sparing surgery

Question 42

help prevent blood clots from forming on your man-made aortic valve

Answer 42

Blood thinners

Question 43

blood vessels that deliver blood to your brain and head

Answer 43

Carotid arteries