Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT 231 > Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System (Lecture) > Flashcards

Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System (Lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

Define plasma and its composition

A

91.5% water
8.5% solutes
Solutes include nutrients, waste, gases, electrolytes, and proteins like albumin, antibodies, globulins, and fibrinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ID and Describe

A

Fibrous layer of the parietal pericardium

  • Made of dense irregular CT (w/ adipose tissue)
  • Adheres to diaphragm inferiorly and to the roots of the great vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ID and describe

A

Serous layer of the parietal pericardium

  • Made of simple squamous ET
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ID and Describe

A

Pericardial Cavity

  • filled with fluid to reduce friction between heart and outer wall of pericardial sac
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ID and Describe

A

visceral pericardium

  1. Serous layer-simple squamous ET
  2. Fibrous layer-Areolar CT (w/adipose tissue)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ID and Describe

A

Myocardium

  • cardiac muscle tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ID and Describe

A

Endocardium

  1. Simple Squamous ET
  2. Areolar CT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is this? And how do you know?

A

Vein

  • Smaller Tunica Media
  • Larger Tunica Adventitia
  • No Internal Elastic membrane
  • Larger Lumen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is this? And how do you know?

A

Artery

  • Larger Tunica Media
  • Contain elastic membrane in Tunica Intima
  • Smaller Tunica Externa
  • Smaller Lumen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
A

Brachiocephalic Trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
A

Superior Vena Cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
A

Rt Pulmonary Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A

Ascending Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
A

Pulmonary Trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A

Rt Pulmonary Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
A

Rt Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
A

Inferior Vena Cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
A

Lt Common Carotid Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A

Lt Subclavian Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A

Lt Pulmonary Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A

Lt Pulmonary Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
A

Aortic Semilunar Valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
A

Anterior Tibial Artery and Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Describe the flow of the Hepatic Portal System

A

Gastric Vein, Splenic Vein, Superior Mesenteric Vein, and Inferior Mesenteric vein flow into the hepatic portal vein. Flow continues into the liver. Continues into the hepatic veins. Finally empties into the IVC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
A

Brachial Artery and Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
A

Brachiocephalic Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
A

Celiac Trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
A

Common Femoral Artery and Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
A

Common Iliac Artery and Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q
A

Gastric Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q
A

Hepatic Portal Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q
A

Inferior Mesenteric Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q
A

Renal Artery and Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q
A

Radial Artery and Vein

35
Q
A

Splenic Vein

36
Q
A

Subclavian Artery and Vein

37
Q
A

Subclavian Vein

38
Q
A

Superior Mesenteric Vein

39
Q
A

Ulnar Artery

40
Q
A

Continuous

  • most common
41
Q
A

Fenestrated Capillary

  • Simple Squamous ET
  • Found in kidney (synovial membrane)
  • lots of fluid exchange
42
Q
A

Sinusoidal/Discontinuous

  • Simple Squamous ET
  • Giant Holes and Big gaps between ET
  • Found in liver and Spleen
  • Allows RBCs to pass through
43
Q
A

Brachiocephalic Trunk

44
Q
A

Right Common Carotid Artery

45
Q
A

Right External Jugular Vein

46
Q
A

Internal Jugular Vein

47
Q
A

Lt Brachiocephalic Vein

48
Q
A

Rt Brachiocephalic Vein

49
Q
A

Rt Subclavian Artery

50
Q

Describe the structure of all capillaries

A

They only have tunica intimas to allow for gas exchange

51
Q

What are three types of arteries?

A
  1. Elastic arteries
  2. muscular arteries
  3. arterioles
52
Q

Elastic arteries

A
  • closest to the heart
  • largest
  • 3 tunics
  • vaso vasorum
  • lots of elastic fibers
53
Q

Muscular arteries

A
  • smaller
  • heading away from the heart
  • majority of visible arteries
  • thick tunica media –> most vasoconstriction
54
Q

Arterioles

A
  • tunica media and tunica interna only
  • miscroscopic
  • can completely close
55
Q

How does blood move through veins?

A

Via the skeletal muscle pump

56
Q

What are the components needed for blood clotting to happen?

A
  • platelets
  • fibrinogen
  • RBC
  • WBC
57
Q

What are varicose veins, and how do you treat them?

A

Dilated superficial veins usually in the legs as a result of weakened vessel walls and deformed valves.
Tx: compression socks

58
Q

What is arteriosclerosis and what are two main types?

A

Stiffening of blood vessels

  1. Atherosclerosis
  2. Hypertensive Arteriosclerosis
59
Q

Atherosclerosis

A
  • Can narrow vessel lumen
  • plaques forming in vessel walls, damaging endothelium
60
Q

Hypertensive Arteriosclerosis

A
  • hardening of vessels from increased BP
  • thickening of tunica adventitia resulting in less stretch
61
Q

Aneurysm

A
  • weak region of a blood vessel
  • Aortic aneurysm
    • Thoracic
    • Abdominal
62
Q

What is AVM?

A

Arteriovenous Malformation
- misformed capillary bed

63
Q

Diabetic Angiopathy

A

Increased BGL —> Damaged capillaries and nerves

64
Q

Where are platelets from?

A

megakaryocytes

65
Q

What is endocarditits?

A
  • Inflammation of the endocardium
  • disrupts endothelium
  • RBC rupture –> leads to blood clots
66
Q

Intercalated discs

A
  • allow for strong contractions and coordinated movement of cardiac cells
  • gap junction between cells
67
Q
A

Chordae Tendinae

  • prevents valve prolapse along with the papillary muscle
68
Q

Embryonic development of the heart

A
  • Happens in about 35 days
  • Starts as two pumping tubes. The tubes then fuse together. Folding and twisting
69
Q

Ductus arteriosis

A

Connects aorta to the pulmonary trunk
- diverts blood away from the lungs

70
Q

Foramen Ovale

A
  • Diverts blood b/w sides of the heart
71
Q

Patent foramen ovale

A

Foramen ovale that does not close all the way in maturiy

72
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

Heart Improperly develops
- 4 major structural issues
- cyanosis

73
Q

Systole

A

blood pressure measurement from ventricle contraction

74
Q

Diastole

A

Measure of blood pressure when ventricles relax (pressure from elastic arteries)

75
Q

Heart Stimulation

A

SA node –> pace maker
–> sends impulse to Atria and atria contract
–> signal gets delayed in AV node
–> signal sent to conduction myofibrils
–> ventricles contract

76
Q

Blood flow to the heart

A

Coronary arteries and veins branch off aorta
–> coronary veins
–> Coronary sinus
–> R Atrium

77
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Myocardial ischemia due to inadequate perfusion from coronary art blockage

  • prevention: heart-healthy diet and cardiovascular exercise –> Angiogenesis (new vasculature formation)

Blockages: - blood clot
- atherosclerosis

Tx: 1. Coronary Artery Bypass
2. Stent

78
Q

Describe the flow of the lymphatic system

A

Thoracic duct and R. Lymphatic duct drain into SVC

79
Q

Lymph Nodes

A

Bean-shaped organ filled with macrophages that filter out waste and pathogens from your lymph

80
Q

What organ is shown, and what are its functions?

A

Spleen
- Big lymph node
- Immune Function: remove bloodborne pathogens (White Pulp)
- Remove and destroy aged or defective red blood cells (Red Pulp)

81
Q

What organ is shown, and what are its functions?

A

Thymus Gland

  • Site where immature lymphocytes develop into T-lymphocytes
  • Monitors cancer and intracellular pathogens
  • Atrophies with age
82
Q

What Organs are shown, and what are their functions?

A

Tonsils

Contain Lots of WBC and stop pathogens from entering through the nose and throat

83
Q

Atherosclerosis

A
  • can narrow lumen
  • plaques forming in vessel walls, damaging endothelium
84
Q

Hypertensive Arteriosclerosis

A
  • hardening of vessels from increased BP
  • thickening of tunica adventitia resulting in less stretch

ANAT 231 (41 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions