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CMA: Phlebotomy > Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems > Flashcards

Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Flashcards

Chapter 7 (55 cards)

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1
Q

ABO Blood Group System

A

-the human blood types: A, B, AB, or O
- these are based on the antigens present

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2
Q

Anemia

A

deficiency in RBCs or hemoglobin, which may be caused by improper function of the bone marrow

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3
Q

Antecubital

A

the area around the bend of the forearm
- it is most commonly used for venipuntures

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4
Q

Anticoagulant

A

chemical agent that prevents clotting

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5
Q

Aorta

A

the largest artery (1 inch wide)

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6
Q

Arrhythmia

A

irregular heartbeat

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7
Q

Arteries

A

highly oxygenated vessels that carry blood away from the heart (efferent vessels)

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8
Q

Arterioles

A

arteries branch out into these smaller vessels

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9
Q

Atria

A

two atria

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10
Q

Basilic vein

A

third site for venipuncture

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11
Q

Blood

A

provides nutrients, oxygen, chemical substances, and waste removal for each cell in the body
- essential for homeostasis and sustaining life

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12
Q

Blood pressure

A

the force of blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels

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13
Q

Blood vessels

A

key component of the circulatory system, these vessels transport blood thoroughly throughout the body

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14
Q

Bradycardia

A

slow heart rate

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15
Q

Capillaries

A

the smallest vessels (microscopic)
- they connect arteries to veins
- only vessel that permits the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2), fluids, and molecules between the blood and surrounding tissues

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16
Q

Cardiac cycle

A

one complete contraction and relaxation (or pump/ or heartbeat) and the many processes occurring during each beat

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17
Q

Cardiovascular

A
  • the cardiac (heart) muscle
  • the vascular system (network of blood vessels that includes veins, arteries and capillaries)
  • the circulating blood
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18
Q

Cephalic vein

A
  • secondary sites for venipuncture
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19
Q

Coagulation

A

clotting

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20
Q

Coronary arteries

A

oxygenated vessels that supply blood to the myocardium of the heart. If blood flow through these decrease, it induces a heart attack

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21
Q

Diastole

A

relaxation of the heart

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22
Q

Differential

A

a lab test that enumerates and categorizes white blood cells and any abnormalities present

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23
Q

Edema

24
Q

Eosinophils

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A

a granulocyte (a smaller component of white blood cells) that defends against parasites

25
Erythrocyte
red blood cell
26
Erythropoiesis
the production of red blood cells, millions are normally formed and destroyed daily
27
Erythropoietin
the hormone that triggers erythropoiesis - produced in the kidney
28
Heart
a muscular organ that is made up of four chambers - size: about the size of a man's fist - location: slightly left of the midline in the thoracic cavity
29
Hematocrit
a low volume of packed red cells
30
Hematopoietic
blood forming
31
Hemorrhage
excessive or uncontrolled bleeding
32
Hemostasis
blood clotting at the site of an injury while maintaining blood flow in other parts of the body
33
Hypoxia
when a region of the body becomes oxygen deficient (from being deprived of blood/O2) and within minutes the tissues may die
34
Inferior vena cava
brings blood from the diaphragm and below
35
Intrinsic system
coagulation factors for this system are contained in the blood
36
Leukocyte
white blood cell
37
Lymphatic system
consists of: - lymph (fluid) - lymphocytes - lymph vessels - lymph nodes - tonsils - spleen - bone marrow - thymus gland functions: - maintain fluid balance in the tissues by filtering blood and lymph fluid - provide defense and immunity against disease through the lymphocytes - distribute nutrients and hormones into the bloodstream, remove waste, and absorb fats and other substances from the digestive tract
38
Lymphocytes
a granulocyte (a smaller component of white blood cells) that's function is antibody production, cellular immune response
39
Median cubital vein (median vein)
- first vein that the phlebotomist should palpate for - generally the largest and closest vein to the skin, have a layer that protect the arteries, nerves and bones underneath, best anchored vein
40
Plasma
the liquid portion of blood and lymph
41
Platelets (thrombocytes)
much smaller than other blood cells
42
Pulmonary circuit
- one of the two significant blood flow pathways - blood flow from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart again - blood with low oxygen leaves the heart > enters the lungs to get oxygen > then back into the heart
43
Pulse
- the heart rate - measurement of the heart rate = pulses per minute
44
Red blood cells (RBCs or erythrocytes)
blood cells that function to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body
45
Serum
the remaining liquid portion of clotted blood specimens
46
Superior vena cava
brings blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest into the heart
47
Systemic circuit
- one of the two significant blood flow pathways - oxygen rich blood flow to all body regions except the lungs - this blood leaves the heart via the aorta
48
Systole
contraction of the heart
49
Tachycardia
fast heart rate
50
Vascular
the network of blood vessels that include: - veins - arteries - capillaries
51
Veins
carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart (afferent vessels)
52
Venae cavae
the largest veins (1 inch wide)
53
Ventricles
- chambers of the heart that are in charge of pumping out blood - the heart has two ventricles
54
Venules
minute veins that flow into larger veins
55
White blood cells (WBCs or leukocytes)
blood cells that provide for defense against infectious agents

CMA: Phlebotomy (6 decks)

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