cardiovascular blood II

Question 1

normal count for leukocytes

Answer 1

5,000-10,000 cells

Question 2

leukocytosis

Answer 2

rapidly increasing blood cells

Question 3

leukemia

Answer 3

cancer of a population of wbcs

Question 4

leukopenia

Answer 4

from drugs, anti-cancer therapy

Question 5

how to wbcs move around

Answer 5

ameboid movement
chemotaxis
pus

Question 6

diapedesis

Answer 6

leaving blood vessels

Question 7

chemotaxis

Answer 7

chemical attraction

Question 8

types of white blood cells

Answer 8

granulocytes
agranulocytes
platelets

Question 9

granulocytes

Answer 9

neutrophils
eosinophil
basophil

Question 10

neutrophils

Answer 10

50-70%
numbers rise in actue bacterial infection
active migrating phagocytes, attracted by inflammation
larged with lobed nuclei

Question 11

eosinophil

Answer 11

2-4%
large red granules
attracted to areas of inflammation and allergic response
increase in mucous secretions from allergies

Question 12

basophils

Answer 12

<1%
large purple granules
attracted to areas of injury and inflammation and release histamine causing increased vessel permeability

Question 13

agranulocytes

Answer 13

lymphocytes

monocytes

Question 14

lymphocytes

Answer 14

25-45%
rise in viral infection
small with large nucleus
T-cells & B-Cells

Question 15

t-cells

Answer 15

act as messengers to other wbcs or attack foreign invaders directly

Question 16

b-cells

Answer 16

antibody production

Question 17

monocytes

Answer 17

3-8%
big single nucleus U-shaped
macrophages

Question 18

platelets

Answer 18

small fragments of a much large blood cell release from the marrow

Question 19

function of platelets

Answer 19

used in blood clotting

Question 20

life span of platelets

Answer 20

5-10 days

Question 21

shortage of platelets

Answer 21

thrombocytopenia

Question 22

numerous small localized hemorrhages

Answer 22

petechiae

Question 23

hemostasis and how the body stops bleeding

Answer 23

vessel spasm
platelt plug forms
coagulation

Question 24

how does a platelet plug form

Answer 24

platelts get sticky from contact with disrupted cells

fibrinogen protein joins platelts together (aggregation) to form plug

Question 25

steps of coagulation

Answer 25

soluble fibrinogen changes to insoluble fibrin threads

Question 26

necessary for clot formation

Answer 26

fibrinogen platelets vit K, Ca++ and substances called clotting factors

Question 27

what are children given to ensure clotting during surgery

Answer 27

vit. k injections

Question 28

fibrinolysis

Answer 28

breaking down established clots

Question 29

what is t-pa

Answer 29

a clot buster given is unwanted clot is suspected as in a stroke

Question 30

what are anticoagulants

Answer 30

prevent clot formation

Question 31

medications that are anticoagulants

Answer 31

heparin coumadin aspirin

Question 32

what happens when EDTA is in a tube when blood is drawn

Answer 32

blood does not clot. the liquid portion is plasma

Question 33

clotting disorders

Answer 33

hemophilia thrombus embolus DVT

Question 34

hemophilia

Answer 34

genetically incorrect or missing clotting factors

Question 35

thrombus

Answer 35

blood clot attached to vessel wall. may grow and form plaque in arteries

Question 36

embolus

Answer 36

floating blood clot. when it sticks in a vessel, tissue dies from hypoxia creating an embolism

Question 37

collection of blood for analysis

Answer 37

venipuncture fingerstick arterial stick - for anaylsis of blood gases

Question 38

what they look for in blood

Answer 38

``` red cell count hemoglobin hematocrit wbc count differential white count clotting blood chemistry ```

Question 39

anemia ranges

Answer 39

rbc < 37% for males

Question 40

polycythemia

Answer 40

rbcs>55-80% overproduction of EPO very thick blood

Question 41

figuring out hb and hct

Answer 41

hb is 1/3 of hct | ex female 12gms hb = 36 hct

Question 42

range for wbc

Answer 42

5,000-10,000