Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Flashcards
(31 cards)
Name 3 cardioprotective diets
3 cardioprotective diets: Mediterranean diet, DASH diet, Vegetarian diet
Name 5 non-modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease
*Sex
*Genetics
*Ethnicity
*Age
*Menopausal status
Name 6 modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease
*Obesity
*Diabetes
*Raised cholesterol
*Raised blood pressure
*Raised TAGs
*Inflammation
Name 5 lifestyle risk factors of cardiovascular disease
*Diet: Fruit and vegetable intake
*Smoking
*Alcohol
*Physical activity
*Stress
What are the three different dietary approaches to prevent CVD?
*Cardioprotective diets
*Different food items
*Individual nutrients
Define: dietary patterns
Dietary patterns: the overall combination of foods habitually consumed which together produce overall health benefits
Which recommendations are typically found in health promoting dietary patterns?
Limit: alcohol, sweets, red meat, fats (particularly saturated), salt, processed foods
Consume: fruits and vegetables, whole grains, olive oil, nuts and legumes
Partake in: Physical activity, social interaction, adequate rest
What is a cardioprotective diet?
A cardioprotective diet is a diet that focuses on reducing risk of cardiovascular disease and promotes heart health.
Name the 4 things which are discouraged in the Mediterranean diet
4 things discouraged in the Mediterranean diet: Meat (especially red meat, some lean is allowed), sweets, processed foods and dairy products
Name the 6 things which are encouraged in the Mediterranean diet
Things encouraged in the Mediterranean diet: Cereals, Vegetables, Fruits, Nuts&Legumes, Fish, Olive Oil,
Is alcohol allowed in the Mediterranean diet?
A moderate consumption of alcohol is allowed in the Mediterranean diet. Red wine is often consumed
Which variations have been found in the Mediterranean diets of Spain, Greece and Italy?
Italy: lower consumption of legumes, higher cereal consumption
Spain: High consumption of eggs and fish
Greece: High consumption of olive oil and legumes (Murray Skeaff, 2023)
Name the 3 things that are discouraged in the DASH diet
3 things discouraged in the DASH diet: Fats, Sweets, Fatty meat
Name the things which are encouraged in the DASH diet
Things encouraged in the DASH diet: Whole grain cereals, Vegetables, Fruits, Low fat dairy, Nuts&Legumes, Fish, Olive Oil,
Is sodium restricted in the DASH diet?
Yes, sodium is restricted in the DASH diet
What type of dairy is allowed on the Mediterranean diet?
Fermented dairy products, cheese and yoghurt are allowed in moderate amounts on the Mediterranean diet
What are the key components of the Mediterranean diet?
The key components of the Mediterranean diet are:
*Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrients
*Rich in fibre
*Rich in polyunsaturated fat
*Rich in mono-unsaturated fat
*Moderate ethanol content
*Low: trans fat, saturated fat and dietary cholesterol
What are the key components of Olive Oil?
Olive oil key components:
*High monounsaturated fat content: oleic acid
*Polyphenols
*Anti-inflammatory
What does DASH stand for?
DASH= Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
What is the overview of the DASH diet?
DASH diet: Low in fat/saturated fats and sugars
High in vegetables fruits and whole grains
What does the DASH diet aim to do?
The DASH diet aims to lower blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol
How many types of vegetarianism is there?
There are 7 types of vegetarianism: Lacto-ovo, Pollotarian, Flexitarian, Pescatarian, Vegan, Ovo, Lacto
What evidence supports the Mediterranean diet?
What evidence supports the DASH diet?
