Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards
(14 cards)
treatment of Glaucoma, Edema and High-altitude sickness
DIURETICS: CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS
edema associated with heart, hepatic or renal failure, control hypertension and increase renal excretion of calcium
Diuretics: Loop
preventing kidney damage during acute kidney injury and reduction of intracranial pressure and cerebral edema
Osmotic: Mannitol
works in the DCT by inhibiting Na, K, and Cl resulting to osmotic water loss; can cause direct relaxation of arterioles which decreased afterload
Chlorothiazide and Hydrochlorothiazide, Metolazone
used for prevention of migraine headaches and severe dysmenorrhea, mgt of opioid, nicotine and alcohol withdrawal
Clonidine
hypertension and adjunct for heart failure
Losartan, Eprosartan, Valsartan, Irbisartan, Olmesartan, Telmisartan (ARBs)
First line drugs for angina, hypertension, supraventricular tachycardias; coronary spasms, short-term mgt of atrial fibrillation and flutter, migraine, Raynaud’s disease
CCBs
directly cause peripheral vasodilation (Vasodilators)
Minoxidil, Hydralazine, Diazoxide, Nitroprusside
Vasospastic Angina
from spasms of the smooth muscle that surrounds the coronary arteries and occurs at rest without any triggers but usually occurring at the same time of day
dilates all blood vessels via relaxation of smooth muscles esp coronary arteries
Nitrate and Nitrites (Amyl Nitrite, Nitroglycerin, Isosorbide dinitrate)
Used in the ICU to treat severe, life-threatening heart failure
Nesiritide IV
used as a topic anesthetic is with added epinephrine to control bleeding in the area.
Lidocaine
prevent clot in patients with MI, unstable angina, atrial fibrillation, heart valves, orthopedic surgery, prolonged immobilization; DVT prophylaxis
Anticoagulants
acute MI, arterial thrombosis, DVT, occlusion of shunts/ catheters, pulmonary embolism and acute ischemic stroke
THROMBOLYTIC DRUGS
