cardiovascular - lecture 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
what is cvs function
organ system to transport molecules and other substances between cells, tissues and organs
network of pump with pipes
describe the heart
feeding system
pump = push blood through vasculature
irrigate other organs and systems
important for function of other organs and systems - for daily functions
ensure enough pressure and force - get oxygen to every part of body
describe the vasculature
designed to carry out blood - pipes
diff types and sizes
change in size/structure
conductance (respond to systolic/diastolic pressure) vs microcirculation (exchange between blood and extracellular fluid)
describe veins and arteries
arteries = carry away from heart - thicker, muscular, handles pressure
veins = carry blood back to heart
describe the 2 ventricles
one ventricle pumps blood to lungs (oxygen)
one ventricle pumps blood to body (deliver)
describe the blood
nutrients, oxygen, waste
rbcs - erythrocytes
wbc - leukocytes (immunity/inflammation- fight infections)
platelets for coagulation
what does cvs bring
nutrients into body - ex: from intestine to liver
fuel to cells - ex: glucose from liver to brain – glucose break down for energy
what does cvs remove
waste products from cells/body - ex = co2, urea
what does cvs circulate
hormones - ex: adrenaline, aldosterone (water balance), adrenal glands
immune cells and antibodies
what does cvs regulate
pH (lungs and kidneys)
water balance (exercise, dehydration)
thermoregulation (exercise - hyperthermia/hypothermia)
how can cvs function as a transporter
due to diffusion
what is diffusion
movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area with lower concentration
give ex of diffusion example
cardiomyocyte
green fluorescence = oxygen
need to feed them, blood vessel irrigating
on avg one capillary per cardiac myocyte
one cell = component, many in heart
many vessels, less distance so makes sure they are fed
name 5 factors that regulate diffusion
distance
temp
characteristics of solvent
characteristics of molecule
characteristics of barrier
describe distance - regulates diffusion
greater distance
slower diffusion rate
describe temp - regulates diffusion
generally high temp = better diffusion
describe characteristic of the solvent - regulates diffusion
higher density (amount of molecules) = lower diffusion rate
describe characteristics of the molecule - regulate diffusion
higher mass = lower diffusion
albumin = big molecule, do not want to see in kidney, if pass through = bad
describe characteristics of the barrier - regulate diffusion
cell membrane - affinity, surface, area size and thickness
describe ficks law
flux of gas = membrane diffusing capacity x pressure gradient across membrane
area/thickness x solubility/sqrtMW x (P1-P2)
P1-P2 = concentration difference
what happens to diffusion when area of membrane increased
increase area = increase diffusion
what happens to diffusion when thickness of membrane increased
increase thickness = decrease diffusion
what happens to diffusion when solubility of gas increased
increase solubility = increase diffusion
what happens to diffusion when molecular weight of gas decreased
decrease mw = increase diffusion
